Lack; need; be lacking

In the Hebrew Bible: ḥaser, lack · ḥaser, needy · maḥsor, need · ḥoser, want

In the Qurʾan: khāsir, the losers · khasira, lost · ʾakhsar, the greatest losers · khusrān, the loss

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ḥurūf al-ḥalq, at the fāʾ: khāʾ folded into ḥet; ḥurūf al-ṣafīr, at the ʿayn: sīn answering samek.

Passages

• Proverbs 6:11: so your poverty will come as a robber, and your scarcity as an armed man.
• Job 30:3: They are gaunt from lack and famine. They gnaw the dry ground, in the gloom of waste and desolation.
• Nehemiah 9:21: Yes, forty years you sustained them in the wilderness. They lacked nothing. Their clothes didn’t grow old, and their feet didn’t swell.
• Luke 15:14: When he had spent all of it, there arose a severe famine in that country, and he began to be in need.
• 2 Corinthians 11:5: For I reckon that I am not at all behind the very best apostles.
• 2 Corinthians 8:15: As it is written, “He who gathered much had nothing left over, and he who gathered little had no lack.”
• Sūrat al-ʿAṣr سورة العصر “The Declining Day” 103:2: Lo! man is a state of loss,
• Sūrat al-Kahf سورة الكهف “The Cave” 18:103: Say: Shall We inform you who will be the greatest losers by their works?
• Sūrat al-ʾAnbiyāʾ سورة الأنبياء “The Prophets” 21:70: And they wished to set a snare for him, but We made them the greater losers.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Quietness; be quiet; at ease

In the Hebrew Bible: šalwah, quietness · šalew, quiet · šalah, be quiet · šeli, quietness

In the Qurʾan: salwā, and the quails

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ḥurūf al-ṣafīr, at the fāʾ: sīn answering šin; nāqiṣ, at the lām: weak final as he.

Passages

• Proverbs 1:32: For the backsliding of the simple will kill them. The careless ease of fools will destroy them.
• Job 21:23: One dies in his full strength, being wholly at ease and quiet.
• 2 Kings 4:28: Then she said, “Did I desire a son of my lord? Didn’t I say, Do not deceive me?”
• John 1:47: Jesus saw Nathanael coming to him, and said about him, “Behold, an Israelite indeed, in whom is no deceit!”
• Romans 12:18: If it is possible, as much as it is up to you, be at peace with all men.
• Matthew 26:4: They took counsel together that they might take Jesus by deceit, and kill him.
• Sūrat Ṭā Hā سورة طه “Ta-Ha” 20:80: O Children of Israel! We delivered you from your enemy, and we made a covenant with you on the holy mountain's side, and sent down on you the manna and the quails,
• Sūrat al-Baqara سورة البقرة “The Cow” 2:57: And We caused the white cloud to overshadow you and sent down on you the manna and the quails, (saying): Eat of the good things wherewith We have provided you - they wronged Us not, but they did wrong themselves.
• Sūrat al-ʾAʿrāf سورة الأعراف “The Heights” 7:160: We divided them into twelve tribes, nations; and We inspired Moses, when his people asked him for water, saying: Smite with thy staff the rock! And there gushed forth therefrom twelve springs, so that each tribe knew their drinking-place. And we caused the white cloud to overshadow them and sent down for them the manna and the quails (saying): Eat of the good things wherewith we have provided you. They wronged Us not, but they were wont to wrong themselves.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Straits; bind; tie up

In the Hebrew Bible: ṣarah, straits · ṣar, straits · ṣarar, bind · yaṣar, bind

In the Qurʾan: yaḍurra, harms them · ḍurr, the adversity · ḍarr, any harm · ḍarrāʾ, and [the] hardship

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ḥurūf al-ʾiṭbāq, at the fāʾ: ḍād gathered under ṣade.

Passages

• Judges 10:9: The children of Ammon passed over the Jordan to fight also against Judah, and against Benjamin, and against the house of Ephraim; so that Israel was very distressed.
• 2 Samuel 13:2: Amnon was so troubled that he fell sick because of his sister Tamar; for she was a virgin; and it seemed hard to Amnon to do anything to her.
• Genesis 32:8: and he said, “If Esau comes to the one company, and strikes it, then the company which is left will escape.”
• Philippians 4:14: However you did well that you shared in my affliction.
• 2 Thessalonians 1:6: Since it is a righteous thing with God to repay affliction to those who afflict you,
• Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ سورة الشعراء “The Poets” 26:73: Or do they benefit or harm you?
• Sūrat Luqmān سورة لقمان “Luqman” 31:24: We give them comfort for a little, and then We drive them to a heavy doom.
• Sūrat al-Jinn سورة الجن “The Jinn” 72:21: Say: Lo! I control not hurt nor benefit for you.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Steal; be stolen; steal away

In the Hebrew Bible: ganab, steal · gannab, thief · genebah, thing stolen

In the Qurʾan: ijtanabu, avoid · jānib, side · janb, their sides · junub, farther away

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. at the fāʾ: jīm answering gimel.

Passages

• Job 27:20: Terrors overtake him like waters. A storm steals him away in the night.
• Exodus 21:16: Anyone who kidnaps someone and sells him, or if he is found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death.
• Leviticus 19:11: ‘You shall not steal. “‘You shall not lie. “‘You shall not deceive one another.
• Matthew 6:19: Don’t lay up treasures for yourselves on the earth, where moth and rust consume, and where thieves break through and steal;
• Matthew 28:13: saying, “Say that his disciples came by night, and stole him away while we slept.”
• 1 Corinthians 6:10: nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor slanderers, nor extortionists, will inherit the Kingdom of God.
• Sūrat Maryam سورة مريم “Mary” 19:52: We called him from the right slope of the Mount, and brought him nigh in communion.
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:8: They cannot listen to the Highest Chiefs for they are pelted from every side,
• Sūrat al-Qaṣaṣ سورة القصص “The Stories” 28:11: And she said unto his sister: Trace him. So she observed him from afar, and they perceived not.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Proverb; represent; be like

In the Hebrew Bible: mašal, proverb · mašal, use a proverb · mašal, represent · mošel, likeness

In the Qurʾan: mathal, example · mithl, like · tamāthīl, [the] statues · mathula, [the] similar punishments

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. al-ḥurūf al-lithawiyya, at the ʿayn: thāʾ written šin.

Passages

• Job 29:1: Job again took up his parable, and said,
• Proverbs 1:6: to understand a proverb, and parables, the words and riddles of the wise.
• 1 Kings 5:12: Yahweh gave Solomon wisdom, as he promised him; and there was peace between Hiram and Solomon; and they two made a treaty together.
• Luke 8:9: Then his disciples asked him, “What does this parable mean?”
• Matthew 13:18: Hear, then, the parable of the farmer.
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:61: For the like of this, then, let the workers work.
• Sūrat al-Zukhruf سورة الزخرف “The Ornaments of Gold” 43:56: And We made them a thing past, and an example for those after (them).
• Sūrat al-Muʾminūn سورة المؤمنون “The Believers” 23:81: Nay, but they say the like of that which said the men of old;

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Do; make; doing

In the Hebrew Bible: faʿal, do · foʿal, doing · feʿullah, work · mifʿalah, deed

In the Qurʾan: faʿala, you do · fāʿil, doers · mafʿūl, destined · faʿʿāl, All-Accomplisher

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Job 7:2: As a servant who earnestly desires the shadow, as a hireling who looks for his wages,
• 2 Chronicles 15:7: But you be strong, and don’t let your hands be slack; for your work shall be rewarded.”
• Deuteronomy 33:11: Yahweh, bless his skills. Accept the work of his hands. Strike through the hips of those who rise up against him, of those who hate him, that they not rise again.”
• John 9:4: I must work the works of him who sent me, while it is day. The night is coming, when no one can work.
• Romans 2:6: who “will pay back to everyone according to their works:”
• James 1:20: for the anger of man doesn’t produce the righteousness of God.
• Sūrat al-Muʾminūn سورة المؤمنون “The Believers” 23:4: And who are payers of the poor-due;
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:34: Lo! thus deal We with the guilty.
• Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ سورة الشعراء “The Poets” 26:226: And how they say that which they do not?

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Border; twist, wind; cord

In the Hebrew Bible: gebul, border · gebulah, border · gabal, bound · gablut, twisting

In the Qurʾan: jabal, the mountains · jibilla, and the generations

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. at the fāʾ: jīm answering gimel.

Passages

• Numbers 33:44: They traveled from Oboth, and encamped in Iye Abarim, in the border of Moab.
• Exodus 28:22: You shall make on the breastplate chains like cords, of braided work of pure gold.
• Genesis 47:21: As for the people, he moved them to the cities from one end of the border of Egypt even to the other end of it.
• Matthew 8:34: Behold, all the city came out to meet Jesus. When they saw him, they begged that he would depart from their borders.
• Mark 5:17: They began to beg him to depart from their region.
• Sūrat al-Nabaʾ سورة النبإ “The Tidings” 78:20: And the hills are set in motion and become as a mirage.
• Sūrat al-Ghāshiya سورة الغاشية “The Overwhelming” 88:19: And the hills, how they are set up?
• Sūrat al-Qāriʿa سورة القارعة “The Calamity” 101:5: And the mountains will become as carded wool.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Wrapper; garment

In the Hebrew Bible: simlah, wrapper · salmah, garment

In the Qurʾan: shimāl, the left · ishtamalat, contains · shamāʾil, their left

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. tafashshī, at the fāʾ: shīn answering sin.

Passages

• Job 9:31: yet you will plunge me in the ditch. My own clothes shall abhor me.
• Genesis 44:13: Then they tore their clothes, and each man loaded his donkey, and returned to the city.
• Exodus 22:25: If you lend money to any of my people with you who is poor, you shall not be to him as a creditor; neither shall you charge him interest.
• Mark 16:5: Entering into the tomb, they saw a young man sitting on the right side, dressed in a white robe, and they were amazed.
• Matthew 27:35: When they had crucified him, they divided his clothing among them, casting lots,
• Acts 20:33: I coveted no one’s silver, or gold, or clothing.
• Sūrat al-Wāqiʿa سورة الواقعة “The Inevitable” 56:41: And those on the left hand: What of those on the left hand?
• Sūrat al-Maʿārij سورة المعارج “The Ascending Stairways” 70:37: On the right and on the left, in groups?
• Sūrat Qāf سورة ق “The Letter "Qaf"” 50:17: When the two Receivers receive (him), seated on the right hand and on the left,

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Happiness; go straight; go on

In the Hebrew Bible: ʾešer, happiness · ʾašer, Asher · ʾašerah, grove. Compare · ʾašar, go straight

In the Qurʾan: yasīr, easy · yassara, We have made easy · yusr, ease · maysir, and [the] games of chance

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. at the fāʾ: weak-letter interchange; ḥurūf al-ṣafīr, at the ʿayn: sīn answering šin.

Passages

• Numbers 1:13: Of Asher: Pagiel the son of Ochran.
• Exodus 1:4: Dan and Naphtali, Gad and Asher.
• Joshua 19:24: The fifth lot came out for the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families.
• John 20:29: Jesus said to him, “Because you have seen me,you have believed. Blessed are those who have not seen, and have believed.”
• Matthew 5:4: Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.
• Luke 1:48: for he has looked at the humble state of his handmaid. For behold, from now on, all generations will call me blessed.
• Sūrat al-Muddaththir سورة المدثر “The Cloaked One” 74:10: Not of ease, for disbelievers.
• Sūrat al-ʾInshiqāq سورة الإنشقاق “The Sundering” 84:8: He truly will receive an easy reckoning
• Sūrat al-Sharḥ سورة الشرح “The Relief” 94:5: But lo! with hardship goeth ease,

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Breast-piece; be excellent, beautiful; beauty, all excellence

In the Hebrew Bible: ḥošen, breast-piece

In the Qurʾan: muḥsin, the good-doers · ʾaḥsan, best · ḥasana, good · ʾaḥsana, do good

Regular sound-law correspondence; the two glosses indicate the same field (similarity ≥ 0.50). ḥurūf al-ṣafīr, at the ʿayn: sīn answering šin.

Passages

• Exodus 25:7: onyx stones, and stones to be set for the ephod and for the breastplate.
• Leviticus 8:8: He placed the breastplate on him; and in the breastplate he put the Urim and the Thummim.
• Revelation 1:13: And among the lamp stands was one like a son of man, clothed with a robe reaching down to his feet, and with a golden sash around his chest.
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:80: Lo! thus do We reward the good.
• Sūrat al-Mursalāt سورة المرسلات “The Emissaries” 77:44: Thus do We reward the good.
• Sūrat al-Furqān سورة الفرقان “The Criterion” 25:76: Abiding there for ever. Happy is it as abode and station!

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

House; place; receptacle

In the Hebrew Bible: bayit, house · bet-ʾel, Beth-el · bet leḥem, Bethlehem · bitan, house

In the Qurʾan: bayt, houses · bayyata, plan by night · bayāt, night · yabītu, spend night

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ʾajwaf, at the ʿayn: hollow middle.

Passages

• Genesis 13:3: He went on his journeys from the South even to Bethel, to the place where his tent had been at the beginning, between Bethel and Ai,
• Mark 2:1: When he entered again into Capernaum after some days, it was heard that he was in the house.
• Acts 7:47: But Solomon built him a house.
• Matthew 10:12: As you enter into the household, greet it.
• Sūrat Quraysh سورة قريش “Quraysh” 106:3: So let them worship the Lord of this House,
• Sūrat al-Furqān سورة الفرقان “The Criterion” 25:64: And who spend the night before their Lord, prostrate and standing,
• Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ سورة الشعراء “The Poets” 26:149: Though ye hew out dwellings in the mountain, being skilful?

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

A head of cattle; lily; Shushan

In the Hebrew Bible: šor, a head of cattle · šušan, Shushan · šušan, lily · šušan ʿedut, Shushan-eduth

In the Qurʾan: ʾathāru, to plow

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. al-ḥurūf al-lithawiyya, at the fāʾ: thāʾ written šin; ʾajwaf, at the ʿayn: hollow middle.

Passages

• Exodus 34:19: All that opens the womb is mine; and all your livestock that is male, the firstborn of cow and sheep.
• Leviticus 22:28: Whether it is a cow or ewe, you shall not kill it and its young both in one day.
• Numbers 15:11: Thus shall it be done for each bull, or for each ram, or for each of the male lambs, or of the young goats.
• Luke 15:23: Bring the fattened calf, kill it, and let us eat, and celebrate;
• Hebrews 10:4: For it is impossible that the blood of bulls and goats should take away sins.
• 1 Timothy 5:18: For the Scripture says, “You shall not muzzle the ox when it treads out the grain.” And, “The laborer is worthy of his wages.”
• Sūrat al-ʿĀdiyāt سورة العاديات “The Courser” 100:4: Then, therewith, with their trail of dust,
• Sūrat Fāṭir سورة فاطر “Originator” 35:9: And Allah it is Who sendeth the winds and they raise a cloud; then We lead it unto a dead land and revive therewith the earth after its death. Such is the Resurrection.
• Sūrat al-Baqara سورة البقرة “The Cow” 2:71: (Moses) answered: Lo! He saith: Verily she is a cow unyoked; she plougheth not the soil nor watereth the tilth; whole and without mark. They said: Now thou bringest the truth. So they sacrificed her, though almost they did not.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Strip oneself; they have laid bare; her palaces

In the Hebrew Bible: ʿarar, strip oneself · ʿariri, stripped · ʿaroʿer, juniper · ʿarʿar, stripped

In the Qurʾan: muʿtarr, and the needy who ask · maʿarra, any harm

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Jeremiah 48:6: Flee, save your lives, and be like the heath in the wilderness.
• Isaiah 32:11: Tremble, you women who are at ease! Be troubled, you careless ones! Strip yourselves, make yourselves naked, and put sackcloth on your waist.
• Leviticus 20:20: If a man lies with his uncle’s wife, he has uncovered his uncle’s nakedness. They shall bear their sin. They shall die childless.
• Luke 20:29: There were therefore seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died childless.
• Romans 11:3: “Lord, they have killed your prophets, they have broken down your altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.”
• Sūrat al-Ḥajj سورة الحج “The Pilgrimage” 22:36: And the camels! We have appointed them among the ceremonies of Allah. Therein ye have much good. So mention the name of Allah over them when they are drawn up in lines. Then when their flanks fall (dead), eat thereof and feed the beggar and the suppliant. Thus have We made them subject unto you, that haply ye may give thanks.
• Sūrat al-Fatḥ سورة الفتح “The Victory” 48:25: These it was who disbelieved and debarred you from the Inviolable Place of Worship, and debarred the offering from reaching its goal. And if it had not been for believing men and believing women, whom ye know not - lest ye should tread them under foot and thus incur guilt for them unknowingly; that Allah might bring into His mercy whom He will - If (the believers and the disbelievers) had been clearly separated We verily had punished those of them who disbelieved with painful punishment.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Flame; be thirsty; burn with thirst

In the Hebrew Bible: lehabah, flame · lahab, flame · šalhebet, flame · labbah, flame

In the Qurʾan: lahab, the flame

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Job 39:23: The quiver rattles against him, the flashing spear and the javelin.
• Daniel 11:33: Those who are wise among the people shall instruct many; yet they shall fall by the sword and by flame, by captivity and by plunder, many days.
• Isaiah 10:17: The light of Israel will be for a fire, and his Holy One for a flame; and it will burn and devour his thorns and his briers in one day.
• Luke 16:24: He cried and said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue! For I am in anguish in this flame.’
• Acts 7:30: When forty years were fulfilled, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in the wilderness of Mount Sinai, in a flame of fire in a bush.
• Sūrat al-Masad سورة المسد “The Palm Fiber” 111:3: He will be plunged in flaming Fire,
• Sūrat al-Masad سورة المسد “The Palm Fiber” 111:1: The power of Abu Lahab will perish, and he will perish.
• Sūrat al-Mursalāt سورة المرسلات “The Emissaries” 77:31: (Which yet is) no relief nor shelter from the flame.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Pleasant; pleasing; good

In the Hebrew Bible: ṭob, pleasant · ṭob, a good thing · ṭobah, welfare · ṭub, good things

In the Qurʾan: ṭayyiba, the good things · ṭayyib, good · ṭāba, seems suitable · ṭūbā, blessedness

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ʾajwaf, at the ʿayn: hollow middle.

Passages

• Genesis 24:10: The servant took ten camels, of his master’s camels, and departed, having a variety of good things of his master’s with him. He arose, and went to Mesopotamia, to the city of Nahor.
• Luke 8:8: Other fell into the good ground, and grew, and produced one hundred times as much fruit.” As he said these things, he called out, “He who has ears to hear, let him hear!”
• Romans 14:16: Then don’t let your good be slandered,
• 1 Thessalonians 5:21: Test all things, and hold firmly that which is good.
• Sūrat al-Raʿd سورة الرعد “The Thunder” 13:29: Those who believe and do right: Joy is for them, and bliss (their) journey's end.
• Sūrat al-Ḥajj سورة الحج “The Pilgrimage” 22:24: They are guided unto gentle speech; they are guided unto the path of the Glorious One.
• Sūrat al-ʾAnfāl سورة الأنفال “The Spoils of War” 8:69: Now enjoy what ye have won, as lawful and good, and keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Year; change; I do not change

In the Hebrew Bible: šanah, year · šanah, change · šanaʾ, change

In the Qurʾan: sinīn, years · sana, year · sanā, flash

Regular sound-law correspondence; the two glosses indicate the same field (similarity ≥ 0.50). ḥurūf al-ṣafīr, at the fāʾ: sīn answering šin; nāqiṣ, at the lām: weak final as he.

Passages

• Genesis 5:9: Enosh lived ninety years, and became the father of Kenan.
• Luke 8:42: for he had an only daughter, about twelve years of age, and she was dying. But as he went, the multitudes pressed against him.
• Mark 5:25: A certain woman, who had an issue of blood for twelve years,
• Luke 4:19: and to proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord.”
• Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ سورة الشعراء “The Poets” 26:205: Hast thou then seen, if We content them for (long) years,
• Sūrat al-Kahf سورة الكهف “The Cave” 18:11: Then We sealed up their hearing in the Cave for a number of years.
• Sūrat al-Muʾminūn سورة المؤمنون “The Believers” 23:112: He will say: How long tarried ye in the earth, counting by years?

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Turn aside; depart; be removed

In the Hebrew Bible: sur, turn aside · sarah, turning aside · yswr, departing

In the Qurʾan: sāra, Travel · suyyirat, enables you to travel · sayyāra, and for the travelers · sayr, the journey

Regular sound-law correspondence; the two glosses indicate the same field (similarity ≥ 0.50). ḥurūf al-ṣafīr, at the fāʾ: sīn answering samek; ʾajwaf, at the ʿayn: hollow middle.

Passages

• Exodus 25:15: The poles shall be in the rings of the ark. They shall not be taken from it.
• Genesis 38:19: She arose, and went away, and put off her veil from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood.
• Leviticus 1:16: and he shall take away its crop with its filth, and cast it beside the altar on the east part, in the place of the ashes.
• Romans 3:12: They have all turned aside. They have together become unprofitable. There is no one who does good, no, not so much as one.”
• 2 Corinthians 3:16: But whenever one turns to the Lord, the veil is taken away.
• Sūrat al-Nabaʾ سورة النبإ “The Tidings” 78:20: And the hills are set in motion and become as a mirage.
• Sūrat Ṭā Hā سورة طه “Ta-Ha” 20:21: He said: Grasp it and fear not. We shall return it to its former state.
• Sūrat al-Naml سورة النمل “The Ant” 27:69: Say (unto them, O Muhammad): Travel in the land and see the nature of the sequel for the guilty!

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Lightning; flash; Barak

In the Hebrew Bible: baraq, lightning · baraq, Barak · bareqet, emerald · barqanim, briers

In the Qurʾan: barq, the lightning · ʾabārīq, and jugs · bariqa, is dazzled

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Judges 5:1: Then Deborah and Barak the son of Abinoam sang on that day, saying,
• Luke 10:18: He said to them, “I saw Satan having fallen like lightning from heaven.”
• Sūrat al-Wāqiʿa سورة الواقعة “The Inevitable” 56:18: With bowls and ewers and a cup from a pure spring
• Sūrat al-Raʿd سورة الرعد “The Thunder” 13:12: He it is Who showeth you the lightning, a fear and a hope, and raiseth the heavy clouds.
• Sūrat al-Qiyāma سورة القيامة “The Resurrection” 75:7: But when sight is confounded

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Shadow; be dark; be

In the Hebrew Bible: ṣel, shadow · ṣalmawet, death-shadow · ṣelel, shadow · ṣalal, be dark

In the Qurʾan: ẓill, shades · ẓalla, and they were to continue · ẓulla, coverings · ẓallal, And We shaded

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ḥurūf al-ʾiṭbāq, at the fāʾ: ẓāʾ gathered under ṣade.

Passages

• Job 7:2: As a servant who earnestly desires the shadow, as a hireling who looks for his wages,
• 1 Chronicles 29:15: For we are strangers before you, and foreigners, as all our fathers were. Our days on the earth are as a shadow, and there is no remaining.
• 2 Kings 20:10: Hezekiah answered, “It is a light thing for the shadow to go forward ten steps. Nay, but let the shadow return backward ten steps.”
• Mark 9:1: He said to them, “Most certainly I tell you, there are some standing here who will in no way taste death until they see the Kingdom of God come with power.”
• Colossians 2:17: which are a shadow of the things to come; but the body is Christ’s.
• 1 Corinthians 15:26: The last enemy that will be abolished is death.
• Sūrat Fāṭir سورة فاطر “Originator” 35:21: Nor is the shadow equal with the sun's full heat;
• Sūrat al-Mursalāt سورة المرسلات “The Emissaries” 77:41: Lo! those who kept their duty are amid shade and fountains,
• Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ سورة الشعراء “The Poets” 26:71: They said: We worship idols, and are ever devoted unto them.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Hew; hew out; cleave

In the Hebrew Bible: ḥaṣab, hew · maḥṣeb, hewing

In the Qurʾan: ḥāṣib, a storm of stones · ḥaṣab, firewood

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Proverbs 9:1: Wisdom has built her house. She has carved out her seven pillars.
• Job 19:24: That with an iron pen and lead they were engraved in the rock forever!
• 2 Kings 22:6: to the carpenters, and to the builders, and to the masons, and for buying timber and cut stone to repair the house.
• Mark 15:46: He bought a linen cloth, and taking him down, wound him in the linen cloth, and laid him in a tomb which had been cut out of a rock. He rolled a stone against the door of the tomb.
• Matthew 25:18: But he who received the one went away and dug in the earth, and hid his lord’s money.
• Sūrat al-Qamar سورة القمر “The Moon” 54:34: Lo! We sent a storm of stones upon them (all) save the family of Lot, whom We rescued in the last watch of the night,
• Sūrat al-ʾAnbiyāʾ سورة الأنبياء “The Prophets” 21:98: Lo! ye (idolaters) and that which ye worship beside Allah are fuel of hell. Thereunto ye will come.
• Sūrat al-Mulk سورة الملك “The Sovereignty” 67:17: Or have ye taken security from Him Who is in the heaven that He will not let loose on you a hurricane? But ye shall know the manner of My warning.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Belly

In the Hebrew Bible: beṭen, belly

In the Qurʾan: baṭn, their bellies · bāṭin, and the secret · biṭāna, intimates · baṭana, concealed

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Job 32:18: For I am full of words. The spirit within me constrains me.
• Genesis 38:27: In the time of her travail, behold, twins were in her womb.
• Deuteronomy 28:18: The fruit of your body, the fruit of your ground, the increase of your livestock, and the young of your flock will be cursed.
• John 7:38: He who believes in me, as the Scripture has said, from within him will flow rivers of living water.”
• Galatians 1:15: But when it was the good pleasure of God, who separated me from my mother’s womb, and called me through his grace,
• Revelation 12:2: She was with child. She cried out in pain, laboring to give birth.
• Sūrat al-Dukhān سورة الدخان “The Smoke” 44:45: Like molten brass, it seetheth in their bellies
• Sūrat al-Ḥajj سورة الحج “The Pilgrimage” 22:20: Whereby that which is in their bellies, and their skins too, will be melted;
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:66: And lo! they verily must eat thereof, and fill (their) bellies therewith.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Terror; trouble; troubled them in building

In the Hebrew Bible: ballahah, terror · balah, trouble

In the Qurʾan: balaw, And surely We will test you · ibtalā, tried · balāʾ, a trial · mubtalī, will test you

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. nāqiṣ, at the lām: weak final as he.

Passages

• Job 18:11: Terrors shall make him afraid on every side, and shall chase him at his heels.
• Ezekiel 27:36: The merchants among the peoples hiss at you; you are become a terror, and you shall nevermore have any being.
• Ezra 4:4: Then the people of the land weakened the hands of the people of Judah, and troubled them in building,
• Romans 9:2: that I have great sorrow and unceasing pain in my heart.
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:106: Lo! that verily was a clear test.
• Sūrat al-ʾAḥzāb سورة الأحزاب “The Combined Forces” 33:11: There were the believers sorely tried, and shaken with a mighty shock.
• Sūrat al-Muʾminūn سورة المؤمنون “The Believers” 23:30: Lo! herein verily are portents, for lo! We are ever putting (mankind) to the test.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Graver; cut in; engrave

In the Hebrew Bible: ḥaraš, graver · ḥaraš, cut in · ḥarošet, carving · ḥariš, plowing

In the Qurʾan: ḥarth, harvest · taḥruthu, you sow

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. al-ḥurūf al-lithawiyya, at the lām: thāʾ written šin.

Passages

• Exodus 31:5: and in cutting of stones for setting, and in carving of wood, to work in all kinds of workmanship.
• 1 Samuel 13:21: yet they had a file for the mattocks, and for the plowshares, and for the forks, and for the axes, and to set the goads.
• 2 Kings 22:6: to the carpenters, and to the builders, and to the masons, and for buying timber and cut stone to repair the house.
• Hebrews 11:10: For he looked for the city which has the foundations, whose builder and maker is God.
• Sūrat al-Qalam سورة القلم “The Pen” 68:22: Saying: Run unto your field if ye would pluck (the fruit).
• Sūrat al-Baqara سورة البقرة “The Cow” 2:205: And when he turneth away (from thee) his effort in the land is to make mischief therein and to destroy the crops and the cattle; and Allah loveth not mischief.
• Sūrat al-ʾAnbiyāʾ سورة الأنبياء “The Prophets” 21:78: And David and Solomon, when they gave judgment concerning the field, when people's sheep had strayed and browsed therein by night; and We were witnesses to their judgment.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

The digital voice Fāṭima (فَاطِمَة) is named in honor of the learned women of al-Andalus, particularly Fāṭima bint Yaḥyā al-Maghāmī, Fāṭima al-Sharrāṭ, and Fāṭima bint al-Muthannā, whose legacies embody the Andalusian traditions of scriptural scholarship, jurisprudence, education, and wisdom.

Flow; spring; bubble up

In the Hebrew Bible: nabaʿ, flow · mabbuaʿ, spring

In the Qurʾan: yanbūʿ, a spring

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Proverbs 15:28: The heart of the righteous weighs answers, but the mouth of the wicked gushes out evil.
• Ecclesiastes 10:1: Dead flies cause the oil of the perfumer to produce an evil odor; so does a little folly outweigh wisdom and honor.
• Isaiah 35:7: The burning sand will become a pool, and the thirsty ground springs of water. Grass with reeds and rushes will be in the habitation of jackals, where they lay.
• John 4:6: Jacob’s well was there. Jesus therefore, being tired from his journey, sat down by the well. It was about the sixth hour.
• James 3:11: Does a spring send out from the same opening fresh and bitter water?
• Acts 4:18: They called them, and commanded them not to speak at all nor teach in the name of Jesus.
• Sūrat al-ʾIsrāʾ سورة الإسراء “The Night Journey” 17:90: And they say: We will not put faith in thee till thou cause a spring to gush forth from the earth for us;
• Sūrat al-Zumar سورة الزمر “The Troops” 39:21: Hast thou not seen how Allah hath sent down water from the sky and hath caused it to penetrate the earth as watersprings, and afterward thereby produceth crops of divers hues; and afterward they wither and thou seest them turn yellow; then He maketh them chaff. Lo! herein verily is a reminder for men of understanding.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Be full; fill; be filled

In the Hebrew Bible: maleʾ, be full · maleʾ, full · meloʾ, fulness · milluʾ, setting

In the Qurʾan: malaʾ, the chiefs · muliʾat, Surely I will fill · māliʾ, and fill · milʾ, full

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. mahmūz, at the lām: hamza as ʾalef.

Passages

• Exodus 25:7: onyx stones, and stones to be set for the ephod and for the breastplate.
• Genesis 25:24: When her days to be delivered were fulfilled, behold, there were twins in her womb.
• John 17:13: But now I come to you, and I say these things in the world, that they may have my joy made full in themselves.
• 2 John 1:8: Watch yourselves, that we don’t lose the things which we have accomplished, but that we receive a full reward.
• Luke 4:28: They were all filled with wrath in the synagogue, as they heard these things.
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:66: And lo! they verily must eat thereof, and fill (their) bellies therewith.
• Sūrat al-Muʾminūn سورة المؤمنون “The Believers” 23:46: Unto Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they scorned (them) and they were despotic folk.
• Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ سورة الشعراء “The Poets” 26:34: (Pharaoh) said unto the chiefs about him: Lo! this is verily a knowing wizard,

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

High; be high; exalted

In the Hebrew Bible: gaboah, high · gabah, be high · gobah, height · gabhut, haughtiness

In the Qurʾan: ijtabā, chooses · yujbā, are brought · jawāb, like reservoirs

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. at the fāʾ: jīm answering gimel; nāqiṣ, at the lām: weak final as he.

Passages

• Job 40:10: Now deck yourself with excellency and dignity. Array yourself with honor and majesty.
• Proverbs 16:18: Pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall.
• 1 Samuel 10:23: They ran and fetched him there; and when he stood among the people, he was higher than any of the people from his shoulders and upward.
• John 3:14: As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up,
• Romans 11:20: True; by their unbelief they were broken off, and you stand by your faith. Don’t be conceited, but fear;
• James 4:10: Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and he will exalt you.
• Sūrat al-Qalam سورة القلم “The Pen” 68:50: But his Lord chose him and placed him among the righteous.
• Sūrat Ṭā Hā سورة طه “Ta-Ha” 20:122: Then his Lord chose him, and relented toward him, and guided him.
• Sūrat al-Naḥl سورة النحل “The Bee” 16:121: Thankful for His bounties; He chose him and He guided him unto a straight path.

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Be bowed down; afflicted; be put down

In the Hebrew Bible: ʿanah, be bowed down · ʿani, poor · ʿoni, affliction · ʿanaw, poor

In the Qurʾan: ʾaghnat, will avail · ghaniyy, Free of need · ʾaghnā, availed · istaghnā, And can do without them

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ḥurūf al-ḥalq, at the fāʾ: ghayn folded into ʿayin; nāqiṣ, at the lām: weak final as he.

Passages

• Numbers 12:3: Now the man Moses was very humble, above all the men who were on the surface of the earth.
• Genesis 41:52: The name of the second, he called Ephraim: “For God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction.”
• Leviticus 19:10: You shall not glean your vineyard, neither shall you gather the fallen grapes of your vineyard; you shall leave them for the poor and for the foreigner. I am Yahweh your God.
• John 12:5: “Why wasn’t this ointment sold for three hundred denarii, and given to the poor?”
• Matthew 26:9: For this ointment might have been sold for much, and given to the poor.”
• James 4:10: Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and he will exalt you.
• Sūrat al-Najm سورة النجم “The Star” 53:48: And that He it is Who enricheth and contenteth;
• Sūrat al-Ḥāqqa سورة الحاقة “The Reality” 69:28: My wealth hath not availed me,
• Sūrat al-Layl سورة الليل “The Night” 92:8: But as for him who hoardeth and deemeth himself independent,

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Egg; surpass in whiteness; whiteness

In the Hebrew Bible: beṣah, egg

In the Qurʾan: ʾabyaḍ, white · ibyaḍḍat, would become white · bayḍ, eggs

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ʾajwaf, at the ʿayn: hollow middle; ḥurūf al-ʾiṭbāq, at the lām: ḍād gathered under ṣade.

Passages

• Job 39:14: For she leaves her eggs on the earth, warms them in the dust,
• Isaiah 59:5: They hatch adders’ eggs, and weave the spider’s web: he who eats of their eggs dies; and that which is crushed breaks out into a viper.
• Luke 11:12: Or if he asks for an egg, he won’t give him a scorpion, will he?
• Sūrat al-ʾAʿrāf سورة الأعراف “The Heights” 7:108: And he drew forth his hand (from his bosom), and lo! it was white for the beholders.
• Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ سورة الشعراء “The Poets” 26:33: And he drew forth his hand and lo! it was white to the beholders.
• Sūrat ʾĀl ʿImrān سورة آل عمران “Family of Imran” 3:107: And as for those whose faces have been whitened, in the mercy of Allah they dwell for ever.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Be slight; swift; trifling

In the Hebrew Bible: qalal, be slight · qelalah, curse · qal, light · qalal, burnished

In the Qurʾan: qalīl, a little · ʾaqall, lesser · qalīla, small · qalla, little

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Exodus 21:17: Anyone who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.
• Deuteronomy 11:26: Behold, I set before you this day a blessing and a curse:
• Genesis 12:3: I will bless those who bless you, and I will curse him who curses you. All of the families of the earth will be blessed in you.”
• Matthew 25:41: Then he will say also to those on the left hand, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire which is prepared for the devil and his angels;
• Hebrews 6:8: but if it bears thorns and thistles, it is rejected and near being cursed, whose end is to be burned.
• Romans 12:14: Bless those who persecute you; bless, and don’t curse.
• Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ سورة الشعراء “The Poets” 26:54: (Who said): Lo! these indeed are but a little troop,
• Sūrat al-Muzzammil سورة المزمل “The Enshrouded One” 73:2: Keep vigil the night long, save a little -
• Sūrat al-Naḥl سورة النحل “The Bee” 16:117: A brief enjoyment (will be theirs); and theirs a painful doom.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Salt; mariner; saltness

In the Hebrew Bible: melaḥ, salt · malaḥ, salt · mallaḥ, mariner · meleḥah, saltness

In the Qurʾan: milḥ, salty

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Ezekiel 47:11: But the miry places of it, and its marshes, shall not be healed; they shall be given up to salt.
• Genesis 19:26: But his wife looked back from behind him, and she became a pillar of salt.
• Job 39:6: Whose home I have made the wilderness, and the salt land his dwelling place?
• James 3:12: Can a fig tree, my brothers, yield olives, or a vine figs? Thus no spring yields both salt water and fresh water.
• Sūrat al-Furqān سورة الفرقان “The Criterion” 25:53: And He it is Who hath given independence to the two seas (though they meet); one palatable, sweet, and the other saltish, bitter; and hath set a bar and a forbidding ban between them.
• Sūrat Fāṭir سورة فاطر “Originator” 35:12: And the two seas are not alike: this, fresh, sweet, good to drink, this (other) bitter, salt. And from them both ye eat fresh meat and derive the ornament that ye wear. And thou seest the ship cleaving them with its prow that ye may seek of His bounty, and that haply ye may give thanks.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Gather; collect; assemble

In the Hebrew Bible: qabaṣ, gather · qebuṣah, a gathering · qibbuṣ, heap

In the Qurʾan: qabaḍ, withholds · qabḍa, a handful · maqbūḍa, in hand · qabḍ, a withdrawal

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ḥurūf al-ʾiṭbāq, at the lām: ḍād gathered under ṣade.

Passages

• Judges 9:47: It was told Abimelech that all the men of the tower of Shechem were gathered together.
• 1 Samuel 8:4: Then all the elders of Israel gathered themselves together, and came to Samuel to Ramah;
• Genesis 49:2: Assemble yourselves, and hear, you sons of Jacob. Listen to Israel, your father.
• Matthew 25:38: When did we see you as a stranger, and take you in; or naked, and clothe you?
• Matthew 22:41: Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them a question,
• 2 Corinthians 6:17: Therefore “‘Come out from among them, and be separate,’ says the Lord. ‘Touch no unclean thing. I will receive you.”
• Sūrat al-Furqān سورة الفرقان “The Criterion” 25:46: Then We withdraw it unto Us, a gradual withdrawal?
• Sūrat al-Mulk سورة الملك “The Sovereignty” 67:19: Have they not seen the birds above them spreading out their wings and closing them? Naught upholdeth them save the Beneficent. Lo! He is Seer of all things.
• Sūrat al-Baqara سورة البقرة “The Cow” 2:245: Who is it that will lend unto Allah a goodly loan, so that He may give it increase manifold? Allah straiteneth and enlargeth. Unto Him ye will return.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Ban; devote; exterminate

In the Hebrew Bible: ḥaram, ban · ḥerem, devoted thing · ḥermon, Hermon

In the Qurʾan: ḥarrama, He has forbidden · ḥarām, al-Ḥarām · muḥarram, forbidden · maḥrūm, and the deprived

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Deuteronomy 3:9: (The Sidonians call Hermon Sirion, and the Amorites call it Senir.)
• 1 Corinthians 16:22: If any man doesn’t love the Lord Jesus Christ, let him be accursed. Come, Lord!
• Acts 3:23: It will be, that every soul that will not listen to that prophet will be utterly destroyed from among the people.’
• Mark 14:71: But he began to curse, and to swear, “I don’t know this man of whom you speak!”
• Sūrat al-Dhāriyāt سورة الذاريات “The Winnowing Winds” 51:19: And in their wealth the beggar and the outcast had due share.
• Sūrat al-ʾAnbiyāʾ سورة الأنبياء “The Prophets” 21:95: And there is a ban upon any community which We have destroyed: that they shall not return.
• Sūrat al-Nisāʾ سورة النساء “The Women” 4:160: Because of the wrongdoing of the Jews We forbade them good things which were (before) made lawful unto them, and because of their much hindering from Allah's way,

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Be simple; be spacious; wide

In the Hebrew Bible: fatah, be simple · feti, simple · fatah, be spacious · fetayyut, silliness

In the Qurʾan: yastaftu, Then ask them · yuftī, gives you the ruling · fatā, to his boy · fitya, to his servants

Regular sound-law correspondence; the two glosses indicate the same field (similarity ≥ 0.50). nāqiṣ, at the lām: weak final as he.

Passages

• Proverbs 9:13: The foolish woman is loud, Undisciplined, and knows nothing.
• John 7:47: The Pharisees therefore answered them, “You aren’t also led astray, are you?”
• 1 Timothy 2:14: Adam wasn’t deceived, but the woman, being deceived, has fallen into disobedience;
• 2 Corinthians 11:19: For you bear with the foolish gladly, being wise.
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:149: Now ask them (O Muhammad): Hath thy Lord daughters whereas they have sons?
• Sūrat al-ʾAnbiyāʾ سورة الأنبياء “The Prophets” 21:60: They said: We heard a youth make mention of them, who is called Abraham.
• Sūrat al-Kahf سورة الكهف “The Cave” 18:13: We narrate unto thee their story with truth. Lo! they were young men who believed in their Lord, and We increased them in guidance.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Finger

In the Hebrew Bible: ʾeṣbaʿ, finger

In the Qurʾan: ʾaṣābiʿ, their fingers

Regular sound-law correspondence; the two glosses indicate the same field (similarity ≥ 0.50). Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Proverbs 6:13: who winks with his eyes, who signals with his feet, who motions with his fingers;
• Isaiah 2:8: Their land also is full of idols. They worship the work of their own hands, that which their own fingers have made.
• Leviticus 16:19: He shall sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times, and cleanse it, and make it holy from the uncleanness of the children of Israel.
• John 20:27: Then he said to Thomas, “Reach here your finger, and see my hands. Reach here your hand, and put it into my side. Don’t be unbelieving, but believing.”
• Luke 11:20: But if I by the finger of God cast out demons, then the Kingdom of God has come to you.
• Sūrat Nūḥ سورة نوح “Noah” 71:7: And lo! whenever I call unto them that Thou mayst pardon them they thrust their fingers in their ears and cover themselves with their garments and persist (in their refusal) and magnify themselves in pride.
• Sūrat al-Baqara سورة البقرة “The Cow” 2:19: Or like a rainstorm from the sky, wherein is darkness, thunder and the flash of lightning. They thrust their fingers in their ears by reason of the thunder-claps, for fear of death, Allah encompasseth the disbelievers (in His guidance, His omniscience and His omnipotence).

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Heavens

In the Hebrew Bible: šamayim, heavens

In the Qurʾan: samāʾ, the heavens · ism, name · musammā, appointed · sammā, you have named them

Regular sound-law correspondence; the two glosses indicate the same field (similarity ≥ 0.50). ḥurūf al-ṣafīr, at the fāʾ: sīn answering šin; nāqiṣ, at the lām: weak final as he.

Passages

• Genesis 2:1: The heavens, the earth, and all their vast array were finished.
• Matthew 5:16: Even so, let your light shine before men; that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father who is in heaven.
• Luke 22:43: An angel from heaven appeared to him, strengthening him.
• Sūrat al-Fātiḥa سورة الفاتحة “The Opener” 1:1: In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.
• Sūrat al-Ṭūr سورة الطور “The Mount” 52:9: On the day when the heaven will heave with (awful) heaving,
• Sūrat al-Raḥmān سورة الرحمن “The Beneficent” 55:7: And the sky He hath uplifted; and He hath set the measure,

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Chieftain; be prince; princess

In the Hebrew Bible: sar, chieftain · sarar, be prince · sarah, princess · sur, be prince

In the Qurʾan: ʾasarra, they conceal · sirr, secretly · surur, thrones · sarrāʾ, [the] ease

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. at the fāʾ: sīn answering sin — outside the regular shift.

Passages

• Genesis 40:23: Yet the chief cup bearer didn’t remember Joseph, but forgot him.
• Numbers 21:18: the well, which the princes dug, which the nobles of the people dug, with the scepter, and with their poles.” From the wilderness they traveled to Mattanah;
• Exodus 1:11: Therefore they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with their burdens. They built storage cities for Pharaoh: Pithom and Raamses.
• John 7:48: Have any of the rulers believed in him, or of the Pharisees?
• John 16:11: about judgment, because the prince of this world has been judged.
• Sūrat al-ʾInshiqāq سورة الإنشقاق “The Sundering” 84:9: And will return unto his folk in joy.
• Sūrat Ṭā Hā سورة طه “Ta-Ha” 20:62: Then they debated one with another what they must do, and they kept their counsel secret.
• Sūrat al-Zukhruf سورة الزخرف “The Ornaments of Gold” 43:34: And for their houses doors (of silver) and couches of silver whereon to recline,

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Barren; hamstring; pluck up

In the Hebrew Bible: ʿaqar, barren · ʿiqqer, hamstring · ʿaqar, pluck up · ʿeqer, offshoot

In the Qurʾan: ʿaqara, But they hamstrung her · ʿāqir, barren

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Genesis 11:30: Sarai was barren. She had no child.
• Job 24:21: He devours the barren who don’t bear. He shows no kindness to the widow.
• Exodus 23:26: No one will miscarry or be barren in your land. I will fulfill the number of your days.
• Luke 1:7: But they had no child, because Elizabeth was barren, and they both were well advanced in years.
• Sūrat al-Qamar سورة القمر “The Moon” 54:29: But they call their comrade and he took and hamstrung (her).
• Sūrat al-Shams سورة الشمس “The Sun” 91:14: But they denied him, and they hamstrung her, so Allah doomed them for their sin and rased (their dwellings).
• Sūrat Hūd سورة هود “Hud” 11:65: But they hamstrung her, and then he said: Enjoy life in your dwelling-place three days! This is a threat that will not be belied.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Barren; hamstring; pluck up

In the Hebrew Bible: ʿaqar, barren · ʿiqqer, hamstring · ʿaqar, pluck up · ʿeqer, offshoot

In the Qurʾan: ʿaqara, But they hamstrung her · ʿāqir, barren

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Genesis 11:30: Sarai was barren. She had no child.
• Job 24:21: He devours the barren who don’t bear. He shows no kindness to the widow.
• Exodus 23:26: No one will miscarry or be barren in your land. I will fulfill the number of your days.
• Luke 1:7: But they had no child, because Elizabeth was barren, and they both were well advanced in years.
• Sūrat al-Qamar سورة القمر “The Moon” 54:29: But they call their comrade and he took and hamstrung (her).
• Sūrat al-Shams سورة الشمس “The Sun” 91:14: But they denied him, and they hamstrung her, so Allah doomed them for their sin and rased (their dwellings).
• Sūrat Hūd سورة هود “Hud” 11:65: But they hamstrung her, and then he said: Enjoy life in your dwelling-place three days! This is a threat that will not be belied.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Adversary; be adversary; accusation

In the Hebrew Bible: saṭan, adversary · saṭan, be adversary · siṭnah, accusation

In the Qurʾan: shayṭān, the Shayṭān

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. tafashshī, at the fāʾ: shīn answering sin.

Passages

• Job 1:9: Then Satan answered Yahweh, and said, “Does Job fear God for nothing?”
• Ezra 4:6: In the reign of Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, wrote they an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem.
• 1 Chronicles 21:1: Satan stood up against Israel, and moved David to number Israel.
• Luke 8:12: Those along the road are those who hear, then the devil comes, and takes away the word from their heart, that they may not believe and be saved.
• Ephesians 4:27: neither give place to the devil.
• Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ سورة الشعراء “The Poets” 26:210: The devils did not bring it down.
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:65: Its crop is as it were the heads of devils
• Sūrat Ṣād سورة ص “The Letter "Saad"” 38:37: And the unruly, every builder and diver (made We subservient),

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Gain made by violence; cut off; break off

In the Hebrew Bible: beṣaʿ, gain made by violence · baṣaʿ, cut off

In the Qurʾan: biḍāʿa, their merchandise · biḍʿ, several

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ḥurūf al-ʾiṭbāq, at the ʿayn: ḍād gathered under ṣade.

Passages

• Job 6:9: even that it would please God to crush me; that he would let loose his hand, and cut me off!
• Proverbs 15:27: He who is greedy for gain troubles his own house, but he who hates bribes will live.
• Jeremiah 51:13: You who dwell on many waters, abundant in treasures, your end has come, the measure of your covetousness.
• Mark 7:22: covetings, wickedness, deceit, lustful desires, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, and foolishness.
• Sūrat al-Rūm سورة الروم “The Romans” 30:4: Within ten years - Allah's is the command in the former case and in the latter - and in that day believers will rejoice
• Sūrat Yūsuf سورة يوسف “Joseph” 12:62: He said unto his young men: Place their merchandise in their saddlebags, so that they may know it when they go back to their folk, and so will come again.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

One; each; every

In the Hebrew Bible: ʾeḥad, one · ḥad, one

In the Qurʾan: ʾaḥad, anyone · ʾiḥdā, one of them

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. mahmūz, at the fāʾ: hamza as ʾalef.

Passages

• Genesis 11:1: The whole earth was of one language and of one speech.
• Matthew 6:27: Which of you, by being anxious, can add one momentto his lifespan?
• John 10:30: I and the Father are one.”
• Sūrat al-Fajr سورة الفجر “The Dawn” 89:26: None bindeth as He then will bind.
• Sūrat al-ʾIkhlāṣ سورة الإخلاص “The Sincerity” 112:1: Say: He is Allah, the One!
• Sūrat al-Balad سورة البلد “The City” 90:7: Thinketh he that none beholdeth him?

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Griffon-vulture; eagle

In the Hebrew Bible: nešer, griffon-vulture

In the Qurʾan: nasr, and Nasr

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. ḥurūf al-ṣafīr, at the ʿayn: sīn answering šin.

Passages

• Deuteronomy 14:12: But these are they of which you shall not eat: the eagle, the vulture, the osprey,
• Job 39:27: Is it at your command that the eagle mounts up, and makes his nest on high?
• Micah 1:16: Shave your heads, and cut off your hair for the children of your delight. Enlarge your baldness like the vulture; for they have gone into captivity from you!
• Matthew 24:28: For wherever the carcass is, there is where the vultures gather together.
• Sūrat Nūḥ سورة نوح “Noah” 71:23: And they have said: Forsake not your gods. Forsake not Wadd, nor Suwa', nor Yaghuth and Ya'uq and Nasr.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Flour

In the Hebrew Bible: qemaḥ, flour

In the Qurʾan: muqmaḥ, heads raised up

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• 2 Samuel 17:28: brought beds, basins, earthen vessels, wheat, barley, meal, parched grain, beans, lentils, roasted grain,
• 1 Samuel 28:24: The woman had a fattened calf in the house. She hurried and killed it; and she took flour, and kneaded it, and baked unleavened bread of it.
• Isaiah 47:2: Take the millstones, and grind meal; remove your veil, strip off the train, uncover the leg, pass through the rivers.
• Luke 13:21: It is like yeast, which a woman took and hid in three measures of flour, until it was all leavened.”
• Sūrat Yā Sīn سورة يس “Ya Sin” 36:8: Lo! We have put on their necks carcans reaching unto the chins, so that they are made stiff-necked.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Green; fresh; bright

In the Hebrew Bible: ʾabib, green · ʾeb, freshness

In the Qurʾan: ʾabb, and grass

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. mahmūz, at the fāʾ: hamza as ʾalef.

Passages

• Exodus 13:4: This day you go out in the month Abib.
• Job 8:12: While it is yet in its greenness, not cut down, it withers before any other reed.
• Song of Songs 6:11: I went down into the nut tree grove, to see the green plants of the valley, to see whether the vine budded, and the pomegranates were in flower.
• Luke 15:12: The younger of them said to his father, ‘Father, give me my share of your property.’ He divided his livelihood between them.
• Titus 2:6: Likewise, exhort the younger men to be sober minded;
• Sūrat ʿAbasa سورة عبس “He Frowned” 80:31: And fruits and grasses:

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Arm; stretch out, extend; power

In the Hebrew Bible: zeroaʿ, arm · ʾezroaʿ, arm

In the Qurʾan: dharʿ, uneasy · dhirāʿ, his two forelegs

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. al-ḥurūf al-lithawiyya, at the fāʾ: dhāl written zayin.

Passages

• Job 22:9: You have sent widows away empty, and the arms of the fatherless have been broken.
• 2 Samuel 22:35: He teaches my hands to war, so that my arms bend a bow of brass.
• Deuteronomy 9:29: Yet they are your people and your inheritance, which you brought out by your great power and by your outstretched arm.”
• Luke 1:51: He has shown strength with his arm. He has scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts.
• Sūrat al-Ḥāqqa سورة الحاقة “The Reality” 69:32: And then insert him in a chain whereof the length is seventy cubits.
• Sūrat Hūd سورة هود “Hud” 11:77: And when Our messengers came unto Lot, he was distressed and knew not how to protect them. He said: This is a distressful day.
• Sūrat al-Kahf سورة الكهف “The Cave” 18:18: And thou wouldst have deemed them waking though they were asleep, and We caused them to turn over to the right and the left, and their dog stretching out his paws on the threshold. If thou hadst observed them closely thou hadst assuredly turned away from them in flight, and hadst been filled with awe of them.

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Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.

Slave; work; serve

In the Hebrew Bible: ʿebed, slave · ʿabad, work · ʿabodah, labor · ʿabdut, servitude

In the Qurʾan: ʿabd, His slaves · ʿabada, worship · ʿābid, worshipers · ʿibādat, His worship

Sound-law correspondence and an explicit cognate link. Each radical answers its like, letter for letter; no shift is needed.

Passages

• Genesis 24:34: He said, “I am Abraham’s servant.”
• Matthew 18:26: The servant therefore fell down and kneeled before him, saying, ‘Lord, have patience with me, and I will repay you all!’
• Luke 1:54: He has given help to Israel, his servant, that he might remember mercy,
• 1 Corinthians 7:23: You were bought with a price. Don’t become bondservants of men.
• Sūrat al-Fātiḥa سورة الفاتحة “The Opener” 1:5: Thee (alone) we worship; Thee (alone) we ask for help.
• Sūrat al-Ḥijr سورة الحجر “The Rocky Tract” 15:40: Save such of them as are Thy perfectly devoted slaves.
• Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt سورة الصافات “Those who set the Ranks” 37:40: Save single-minded slaves of Allah;

The whole card on ocabs.org · The Consolation of Consonants

Opening music: Touchia Ḥijāz, Thami Ben Abdelkrim, violin, with percussion (Morocco, 1920s), public domain. Source: gallica.bnf.fr / BnF, Archives de la Parole.