Then the first thing Nicolò Carpaneda did was correct the number before I could question it.

Pantarai founders Nicolò Carpaneda and Bastien Seignolles built Cartesio, an AI that reads market conditions daily and reshuffles a portfolio to match, choosing a rule-based explainable system over a black box in a year when the rest of the industry is racing the other way.

Part 2 is the machine itself: the backtest, the month it protected capital and still couldn't keep the client calm, the trade-off of staying fully liquid with no leverage, and why they're building from Singapore while the company's centre of gravity stays in Europe.

This is Issue 04 of Straits Signal, hosted by Kim Yeoh, media founder and strategic analyst, former investor relations at a private equity fund and co-founder of a commercial fleet electrification company.

What you'll take away from this episode:

• Why a system that reads markets daily still can't tell you if gold is cheap, and what a black box would have missed
• The correction that mattered more than the pitch, what the €1.5 million figure is and isn't
• The month the fund lost three percent while the market lost twenty, and why that still wasn't an easy conversation
• No leverage, no derivatives, only liquid ETFs, the alpha left on the table for the sake of trust
• Building from Singapore while Europe stays the operational hub
• Whether Pantarai is a product company or the wedge into something bigger

Missed Part 1, the partnership, the 2009 crash, and the eighteen months Nicolò spent teaching himself to code: https://open.spotify.com/episode/5GWDNWPmGpIdFAMgf0FS7m?si=RzTXhmD0T5-jj3daMscG5g

Watch Cartesio's daily market read: pantar.ai

The backtest and performance figures discussed in this series are the founders' own, gross of fees, presented as a historical proxy and not a forecast. This conversation is for information only and is not investment advice or a solicitation to invest. Pantarai ADAPT is regulated in the UK and Europe and is not licensed by MAS in Singapore.

Straits Signal — Intelligence from Southeast Asia. Energy. Mobility. Capital.

Pantarai founders Nicolò Carpaneda and Bastien Seignolles left institutional finance to build Cartesio, an AI that adapts a portfolio to live market conditions instead of holding a fixed allocation. Part 1 is the origin story: how two operators met at the bottom of the 2009 financial crisis, and why one of them spent eighteen months teaching himself to code to build it.

This is Issue 04 of Straits Signal, hosted by Kim Yeoh, media founder and strategic analyst, former investor relations at a private equity fund and co-founder of a commercial fleet electrification company.

What you'll take away from this episode:

Why "don't time the market" and the 60/40 portfolio are being questioned by two people who spent fifteen years inside the system that built that advice

• How an MBA friendship formed in the depths of the 2009 crash became a fifteen-year foundation strong enough to start a company on
• Why the founders deliberately waited that long before building anything together, and what patient capital actually looks like in practice
• The conversation about risking a stable career for a startup that most founders have with their spouse but never talk about publicly
• Why Nicolò chose to spend eighteen months teaching himself to code rather than hire a CTO, and why that decision became the company's real advantage rather than a detour
• The moment in spring 2022 when the 60/40 portfolio actually broke, in real numbers, not theory

Part 2, Cartesio itself, the markets thesis, the backtest, and why they're building from Singapore, is out now.

Watch Cartesio's daily market read: pantar.ai

The backtest and performance figures discussed in this series are the founders' own, gross of fees, presented as a historical proxy and not a forecast. This conversation is for information only and is not investment advice or a solicitation to invest. Pantarai ADAPT is regulated in the UK and Europe and is not licensed by MAS in Singapore.

Straits Signal — Intelligence from Southeast Asia. Energy. Mobility. Capital.

650 digital banks exist in the world. Only 92 are profitable. Rachel Freeman runs one of them.

In this episode of Straits Signal, Kim Yeoh sits down with Rachel Freeman of Tyme Group, the digital bank serving 22 million customers across the Philippines and South Africa, profitable from close to day one. Rachel has spent her career building financial infrastructure across four continents, and she shares the framework behind it: why single-country digital banks die, how to read the "soul of a country" before entering a market, why a kiosk in a grocery store beat digital-first acquisition, and the Pakistan license rejection that broke her heart.

A conversation about patient capital, market timing, and what incumbent banks refuse to see.

ABOUT THE GUEST Rachel Freeman is the Chief of Growth at Tyme Group, one of the world's few consistently profitable digital banks. Before Tyme, she spent seven years at the International Finance Corporation (IFC) in Hong Kong in development finance and earlier built financial infrastructure across Russia and Central Asia, from launching retail operations to creating a women-led leasing company. Her career traces one idea: building financial access in markets the moment they're ready to move. Today Tyme serves 22 million customers across the Philippines (GoTyme Bank) and South Africa (TymeBank), with expansion underway across Southeast Asia.

ABOUT THE SHOW Straits Signal is a media and intelligence platform tracking the operators behind Asia's infrastructure transition: mobility, capital, energy, and the people making it real. Hosted by Kim Yeoh, former investor relations at a USD 1.6Bn private equity fund and a founder building across Southeast Asia. Intelligence from Southeast Asia. Mobility. Energy. Capital. 

WHAT YOU'LL LEARN

• Why 92 of 650 digital banks survive and the structural thing they share
• The "soul of the country" framework: reading market readiness beyond TAM
• How Tyme serves customers profitably at roughly a dollar a day
• Why a kiosk in a grocery store beat digital-first acquisition for 22M customers
• The Pakistan license rejection and the women it left unbanked
• Why cohort data shows people use bank accounts the same way everywhere
• The patience thesis: why timing, not speed, decides who survives

Chapters
00:00 — The Three-Year Wait 
03:00 — 22 Million Customers, One Rule: Timing 
07:00 — Soul of the Country 
13:00 — From Sidelines to Operator 
18:00 — Serving Customers at a Dollar a Day 
26:00 — The 92: Why Most Digital Banks Fail 
32:00 — Pakistan: What Breaks Your Heart 
37:00 — Culture, Trust, and Sisyphus 
42:00 — Kazakhstan and the Frontier Thesis 
44:00 — Rapid Fire & Close

NOTABLE QUOTES

• "I wasn't patient. The pacing was good."
• "It broke my heart. Only 10% of women in Pakistan have a bank account, and I really felt we could make a massive difference."
• "The bigger insight wasn't what's different. It was what's the same."

MENTIONED IN THIS EPISODE Tyme Group · TymeBank (South Africa) · GoTyme Bank (Philippines) · Nubank · Revolut · WeLab · Wise · Chime · Kaspi (Kazakhstan) · Pick n Pay & Boxer · SASSA grants · IFC · MAS · JG Summit

Hashtags: #StraitsSignal #DigitalBanking #Fintech #FinancialInclusion #SoutheastAsia #TymeGroup #EmergingMarkets #Podcast

That's the ending. This conversation is about the price of getting there.

Zeth Lim founded Verdant Solar in 2013. He didn't hire a single person for five years. He chose residential rooftops — one customer at a time — in an industry where one commercial contract could equal thousands of homes in revenue. And right before the company went public, the government policy that powered his entire market ran out of quota.

Every patient decision had a cost. The patience tax. And the argument this conversation makes is that the tax compounded into the thing that made the listing possible.

In the second episode of Straits Signal, I sat down with Zeth — weeks after his IPO — to unpack what it actually takes to build conviction in a market where the rules keep changing. From a solo founder running installations alone, to a 160-person company navigating policy shifts, stock price volatility, and the question of who solar is really accessible to.

Here's what we got into:
1. The residential bet nobody wanted — why Zeth chose the hardest path in Malaysian solar and spent a decade building the operational muscle most competitors skipped. "If we cannot win by doing things people cannot do, why not choose a path people don't want to do?"
2. The five-year solo run — no employees, no team, just a founder building conviction alone from 2013 to 2018. What made him finally hire, and why it took a leap of faith — literally
3. The sales freeze that shouldn't make sense — Verdant was growing 2-3x in months. Customer complaints were rising. So they froze sales hiring during their best quarter. The decision that looks cautious on a 12-month view and inevitable on a 10-year one
4. The accessibility arithmetic — solar systems cost RM16K to RM50K. Median household income is RM5-6K a month. I pushed Zeth on whether "accessible to everyone" is a mission or a marketing line. His answer was honest enough to be worth hearing
5.The policy rug-pull and what comes after — NEM 3.0 ran out of quota right before the IPO. Solar ATAP launched January 2026 with no fixed quotas, bigger system sizes, and new battery storage rules. The playbook is being rewritten in real time
6. And the line that stuck — I asked what scares him more: failing again, or never failing again. His answer tells you everything about how this founder thinks about the next decade. Because for a company that just went public, the greater risk isn't stumbling. It's standing still.
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🎙️ STRAITS SIGNAL — EP 02: THE PATIENCE TAX
Tracking the operators mid-move. Not the press release version. The actual story.
─────────────────────────────
CHAPTERS:
00:00 — Sun rise: intro & the IPO moment
02:34 — The path people don't want to do: why residential solar
05:05 — Profit is a result, not a priority
09:51 — Welcome to the fishbowl: life after going public
10:46 — Policy musical chairs: NEM 3.0 out, Solar ATAP in
12:15 — The accessibility arithmetic: RM16K vs RM5K income
17:28 — Solar company or cleantech platform? The pivot question
18:15 — 3x growth, frozen sales: the quarter that broke the playbook
20:26 — Chaos is not the enemy: faith, IQ, EQ, and SQ
23:36 — Rapid fire: one word, one fear, one regret
27:31 — Letter to the founder at 3AM
34:25 — The hundred-year bet: legacy, relationships, and what actually lasts
─────────────────────────────
FOLLOW STRAITS SIGNAL:
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Spotify → https://open.spotify.com/show/2KMP7J2tkZ45EWLmL1W3v4?si=d76359669c0e46a0
─────────────────────────────
#VerdantSolar #SolarEnergy #MalaysiaIPO #SolarATAP #NEM3 #CleanTech #SoutheastAsia #Podcast #FounderInterview #StraitsSignal #RenewableEnergy #EnergyTransition #MalaysiaBusiness #ResidentialSolar #StartupIPO #OperatorMindset #CleanEnergy #SolarMalaysia #PatienceTax #ACEMarket

#VerdantSolar #SolarEnergy #MalaysiaIPO #SolarATAP #CleanTech #SoutheastAsia #FounderInterview #StraitsSignal #RenewableEnergy #EnergyTransition #StartupIPO #ResidentialSolar #NEM3 #PatienceTax #malaysia #cleanenergy #cleantech #sea #energy

Most people know Hong Seh for Ferrari. For Maserati. For the kind of cars that made Singaporeans crane their necks on the PIE.

That chapter's closed. And what Edward Tan — third-generation, true-blue Singaporean — is building in its place is arguably more interesting. Less glamorous, maybe. But the kind of bet that only makes sense if you're willing to read ten years ahead and act now.

Electric lorries. Commercial EVs. The unglamorous backbone of how this city actually moves.

In Singapore's first episode of Straits Signal, I sat down with Edward inside an actual electric lorry — yes, we recorded in one — to unpack the full circuit of this pivot. From a family that started in fish tackle and hardware in 1936, evolved through chemicals, landed on luxury cars, and is now going all-in on clean commercial fleets.

Here's what we got into:

• The evolution nobody saw coming — how a petrolhead family traded horsepower for kilowatts, and why Edward calls it evolution, not disruption
• The 119 problem — Singapore just registered 119 commercial EVs in two months. Edward breaks down why that number is actually more signal than it looks — and what the 40,000 government incentive flipping on January 1st really means for the Y and X plate segments
• Why Chinese EVs deserve a second look — beyond the skepticism, Edward makes the case for why China's volume, data, and consolidation puts them ahead on commercial EVs in ways the Western market simply hasn't caught up to yet
• The system integrator play — selling a lorry is the easy part. Edward's real bet is on solving everything around it — fleet management software, refrigeration systems, battery monitoring, bodybuilders, after-sales. End to end, or bust.
• And the line that stuck — humans are our own worst enemy. Very kiasi, very kiasu — scared to die, scared to lose, but somehow also scared to move. Because the technology is here. The economics work. The only variable left is us.

Timestamps

• 00:00 — Intro: 1936 to electric lorries
• 03:20 — Why Tesla was a bridge, not a destination
• 08:45 — Breaking down the G, Y and X plate segments
• 14:10 — The real reason adoption is slow (hint: it's not the charging)
• 22:30 — The China EV question — risk or edge?
• 31:00 — Becoming a system integrator: deliberate choice or market push?
• 40:15 — What it would actually take for electrification to fail
• 47:00 — Quickfire: fleet operators, what are you waiting for?

About Straits Signal
Straits Signal tracks the operators mid-move — the real decisions, the pivots, the logic behind the leap. Hosted by Kim Yeoh. Built for people who want the actual story, not the press release version.

New episodes dropping regularly. Follow so you don't miss the next signal.

Connect
🔗 Hong Seh Group / Edward Tan — LinkedIn
📍 Singapore

If this episode sparked something — share it with the one person in your network who's still sitting on the fence about EVs. You know exactly who that is.