Learn more about our people:

• Chris Adams: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website
• Anita Schüttler: LinkedIn | Website

Find out more about the GSF:

• The Green Software Foundation Website
• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

Resources:

• Token & CO2 Dashboard | Neuland [01:28]
• Bundesverband Green Software [08:51]
• How Hungry is AI? | Jacob et al. [22:22]
• Sustainable AI Group launches CLEER [27:59]
• Blue Angel for Software | Blauer Engel [34:31]
• EmpCo Directive: Everything You Need to Know Now | CSR Tools [34:57]
• HOLMES by neuland – The flexible Search Accelerator [40:47]
• Ecodesign Award | Bundespreis [41:36]

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Find out more about the GSF:

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News:

• The Economics of Green and Efficient Agentic AI | GSF [02:19]
• A July SCI for Web update - defining a new standard for carbon measurement in web applications | Green Web Foundation [10:09]
• Carbon Emissions from Cloud Storage: An Empirical Analysis toward Actionable User Practices for Sustainable Storage | HotCarbon [18:50]
• GHG Protocol Announces Key Standard Development Updates [28:25]

Events:

• CNCF TCG Environmental Sustainability [37:04]

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• Tzviya Siegman: LinkedIn | Website
• Pascal Joly: LinkedIn | Website

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• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

News:

• It Climate Ed [00:11]
• Sustainable AI - From Impact to Implementation by Pascal Joly on Maven [02:50]
• AI model efficiency selector | IT Climate Ed [06:38]
• AI CEOs say they need to slow the pace of development. But will they? | The Guardian [19:21]
• AI Energy Management Alliance (AEMA) [24:16]
• Emerald AI, Google and NVIDIA Launch Alliance to Advance Flexible AI Data Centers
• Greening Digital Companies 2026 | ITU [29:26]
• EV Ep151 - The Week in Green Software: The AI Water Management Challenge with Masheika Allgood [40:38]

Events:

• Climate Week NYC 2026 | September 20-27 [37:04]
• SF Tech Week | October 5-11 [38:58]
• Green IO London 2026 | Sustainable Tech Conference | September 30 - October 1 [39:56]
• Designing a Standard for OpenTelemetry (October 5 at 5:00 pm CEST · Virtual) [40:16]

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• Yi Ding: LinkedIn | Website | Scholar
• Hongliu (Leo) Cao: LinkedIn | Scholar

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• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

Resources:

• Global Water Bankruptcy Report | United Nations [09:50]
• Software Carbon Intensity | GSF [14:43]
• SCI for AI | GSF [15:26]
• Not All Water Consumption Is Equal: A Water Stress Weighted Metric for Sustainable Computing (SCARF Paper) [18:07]
• Why AI’s Water Footprint Is Harder to Measure Than Carbon | Hongliu Cao [22:32]
• Different Clouds, Different Water Stories: Why AI’s Water Footprint Is Harder to Measure (Part 2) 
• Welcoming the Software Water Handbook | GSF 
• Software Water Handbook: A companion resource to the SWI specification | GSF
• Green Software Movement Platform | GSF  

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• Dave Masselink: LinkedIn | Website

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News:

• EV Ep151 TWiGS: The AI Water Management Challenge with Masheika Allgood [08:24]
• Data centers are ready to negotiate flexibility for speed | Utility Dive [15:40]
• Sustainability Interoperability Layer for Operations (SILO) | GSF [25:47]
• Introducing Neuralwatt Cloud: Energy-Based AI Inference Pricing [33:23]
• How Gridware’s grid monitoring sensors won over a career lineman | Latitude Media [41:42]

Events:

• CNCF Environmental Sustainability Technical Community Group Meeting | 11 Aug 02:00 PM CEST (Virtual) [50:20]
• Green Software San Francisco Bay Area | Meetup | October 2026 (San Francisco) [50:40]

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• Masheika Allgood: LinkedIn | Website

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Resources:

• When Will the Taps Run Dry? | AllAI [01:31]
• The AI Data Center Water Management Challenge: A Georgia Case Study | Taps Run Dry [03:51]
• The AI Data Center Water Management Challenge | Masheika Allgood [07:46]
• UN Open Source Week [14:09]
• Summit 26 - Unlock AI's potential to serve humanity [14:44]
• Wyoming tightens wastewater rules after Meta datacenter contractor flushed contaminated water | The Guardian [27:39]
• EV Ep141 TWiGS: Tokens, Water, and Transparency [42:16]

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Resources:

• The Green Side of Observability - Diana Todea | DevOps.com [01:01]
• Retroactive Sampling with OpenTelemetry | KubeCon Amsterdam 2026 [10:09]
• Observability Is a Mesh, Not a Braid - Diana Todea | Medium [24:54]
• Grafana Mimir [29:47]
• VictoriaMetrics [30:03]
• SCI for Open Telemetry | GSF [33:44]
• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) | GSF [34:00]
• Green Observability: What Needs to Shuffle in Open Source? - Diana Todea | SCALE [34:41]

Events:

• Sustainable Tech in the Age of AI 29 June 18:00 - Hamburg, Germany [40:59]
• FREE UKSG webinar: Minimising the environmental harm of AI through principle thinking 30 June 13:00 BST - UK, Virtual [41:15]
• Reducing Cost and Carbon 2 July 18:00 Frankfurt, Germany [41:39]

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Resources:

• CO2.js | Green Web Foundation [01:08]
• Release Guide: CO2.js v0.18 - Green Web Foundation [01:25]
• Carbon Aware SDK | GSF [01:33]
• CodeCarbon [01:52]
• EcoLogits [01:54]
• PyPSA [03:00]
• https://www.tu.berlin/en/ensys 
• Clean Coffee #1 [05:15]
• European Commission recommends open source tools for hydrogen-related cost-benefit analysis [10:49]
• The Role of Energy Storage in Germany 
• Do renewables make electricity cheaper or more expensive? [20:17]
• The cost of data centre growth in Ireland | Friends of the Earth [22:08]
• 24/7 carbon-free electricity matching accelerates adoption of advanced clean energy technologies | Igor Riepin [23:47]
• EV Ep50 TWiGS: Modeling Carbon Aware Software w/ Igor Riepin [24:32]
• EV Ep31 TWiGS: Code Green and Clean Power w/ Nina Jabłońska 
• EV Ep97 How to Tell When Energy is Green w/ Killian Daley 
• Spatio-temporal load shifting for truly clean computing [27:39]
• On the means, costs, and system-level impacts of 24/7 carbon-free energy procurement [35:46]
• Worked example showing that Anthropic is likely paying around 5000 USD per megawatt hour for compute capacity in the Colossus 1 datacentre [39:39] 
• Neuralwatt Cloud [42:06] 
• Solar and batteries can power the world [44:51]
• Solar electricity every hour of every day is here and it changes everything | Ember [51:32]
• Solar + Battery Atlas 
• Harnessing the Sun | Solar + Battery Atlas 
• model.energy [52:58]
• Scenario Builder (TZ-SB) [53:50]
• Tom Brown LinkedIn Post re: OpenStreetMap [54:51]
• MapYourGrid [56:09]

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News:

• State of the Fossil-Free Internet 2026 | Green Web Foundation [01:08]
• How Tech Companies Are Obscuring AI’s Real Carbon Footprint | Bloomberg
• Ep 97: How to Tell When Energy is Green with Killian Daly [06:18] 
• Cloud Sustainability at Scale: Why Open Source Will Define the Next Era of Green Computing [15:53]
• Counting own goals: High-level assessment of the economic relationship between the ICT and the Oil and Gas sectors and its environmental implications [23:20]
• Enabled Eemissions Campaign
• UK quietly increases AI emissions forecast 100-fold | POLITICO [34:54]

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News:

• Introducing GSF Reference Implementations | Green Software Foundation [04:13]
• An update on SCI for Web - a new standard for measuring software carbon intensity for the Web - Green Web Foundation [11:59] 
• Web Sustainability Guidelines (WSG) [13:27]
• Scotland’s ‘green datacentres’ policy ignores emissions impact of AI, analysis shows | The Guardian [20:04]
• More than 100 UK datacentres plan to burn gas to generate electricity | The Guardian [21:11] 
• New Gas-Powered Data Centers Could Emit More Greenhouse Gases Than Entire Nations | WIRED [24:46]
• Google, Meta, Microsoft, Amazon back new data center tech accelerator | Latitude Media [26:41] 

Resources:

• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification | GSF [03:05]
• EV Ep145: Is Using LLMs for Tech Standards Work Actually Greener? (Harmony) [18:51]
• The Turing Lectures: Making AI (truly) sustainable (Dr. Sasha Luccioni) [22:04] 

Events:

• Web Going Green | June 8 at 12:00 pm BST (Edinburgh, hybrid) [34:26]
• Green IO Amsterdam | June 9-10 (Amsterdam) [34:37]
• Green IO - Meetup Community Event | June 9-10 (Amsterdam) [34:53]
• Who's Going to Save Us From the Energy Use of AI? You Are | June 17 at 6:00 pm BST (Brighton, hybrid) [35:04]
• SustainableIT Impact Summit | June 23 (London) [35:15]
•  Lean Agentic AI | June 23 at 6:00 pm CEST (Karlsruhe, hybrid) [35:21]
• Sustainable Tech in the Age of AI | June 29 at 6:00 pm CEST (Hamburg) [35:29]

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News:

• A Comprehensive Taxonomy of Software Energy Smells [02:33]
• The Net Climate Impact of Artificial Intelligence [11:10]
• AI Has an Energy Story. Its Water Story Is Still Being Written [22:11]
• The Cost of Faster and Greener Computing [30:32]
• Sustainability Beyond Carbon Newsletter [32:34]

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• Joseph Cook: LinkedIn | Substack

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Resources:

• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification | GSF [00:44]
• SCI-Web documents and consensus so far | GitHub/W3C [02:08]
• Creating a standard for measuring software carbon intensity for the Web 
• Assemblies | Green Software Foundation [02:22]
• Harmony v2 - Equilibrium Line [06:06]
• AI can help humans find common ground in democratic deliberation | Science [07:03]
• Energy and AI – Analysis - IEA [39:28]
• Why Anthropic’s ultra-dirty deal shouldn’t surprise you at all – Ketan Joshi [46:16]
• How NOT to build a data center | Energy, Extended 
• Harmony v2 - Equilibrium Line Substack [51:50]

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• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

Resources:

• Green IO New York Conference May 13th to 14th 2026 [06:09]
• Shaolei Ren: AI consumes a lot of water — but why? | TED Talk [12:41]
• Kepler | CNCF [15:30]

Events:

• State of the fossil-free Internet: Public Briefing | 27 May 4:00pm CET (Virtual) [47:35]
• Green IO Amsterdam - Where IT leaders tackle Sustainability challenges | 9 Jun 6:00pm CEST (Tolhuistuin, Amsterdam) [48:35]
• Environmental Sustainability TCG | CNCF [47:53]

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News:

• Built to Measure: How SCI, Impact Framework, and Carmen Make Software Measurable | GSF [02:35] 
• AI, energy, and the new rules of cloud sustainability competition | Computer Weekly [16:41] 
• AI model cards in carbon.txt and an AI Sustainability Directory - Green Web Foundation [30:44] 

Events:

• Call for speakers for Green IO Conferences in 2026 [40:19] 

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• Sara Bergman: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website

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News:

• Asynchronous and Unreliable Episode 1 [05:37]
• How to improve AI efficiency beyond cost optimisation | Computer Weekly [09:58]
• Towards Green AI: Decoding the Energy of LLM Inference in Software Development | Arxiv [21:59]
• annecurrie.com [34:02] 
• Greenhouse Gas Protocol changes can bring trust back to climate accounting | Utility Dive [37:44] 
• Green Software Maturity Matrix | GSF [40:22] 
• Where AI Runs Determines Water Stress | ESS Open Archive 

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News:

• 7 Ways to More Frugal AI | BetterTech [02:04]
• Where AI Runs Determines Water Stress | ESS Open Archive [09:54]
• US tech firms successfully lobbied EU to keep datacentre emissions secret | The Guardian [18:14]

Resources:

• The ML.ENERGY Leaderboard [08:04] 
• TWiGS: Who Pays for AI’s Energy Footprint? - Environment Variables Ep133 [09:15]
• TWiGS: Green AI Tradeoffs - Environment Variables Ep139 [20:43]

Events:

• Measuring Software "at Scale" 5 May 6:30 pm CEST (Karlsruhe) [27:53] 
• Call for Speakers | GreenIO [28:13]
• Call for Papers | HotCarbon [28:27]

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News:

• The SCI Standard: Providing the Software Emissions Data CSRD Needs | GSF [03:35]
• Green Prompting: Characterizing Prompt-driven Energy Costs of LLM Inference | Adamska et al. [13:19]
• GitHub - LLM Energy Lab | Adora Foundation [20:25]
• YouTube - I Can’t Sell You Laptops Anymore [30:43]

Events:

• Sustainable AI for Climate Tech Founders (April 22 at 1:00 pm PDT - San Francisco) [37:55]
• Sustainable AI (April 23 at 6:00 pm CEST - Utrecht) [38:10]

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News:

• The SCI Standard: Providing the Software Emissions Data CSRD Needs | GSF [02:47]
• Green Prompting: Characterizing Prompt-driven Energy Costs of LLM Inference | Adamska et al. [29:40]
• I Can’t Sell You Laptops Anymore [44:30] 

Resources:

• Green Metrics Tool | green-coding.io [19:25] 
• Cardamon [19:48]
• Briefing 1 - XBRL and materiality briefing video | Chris Adams [21:18] 
• Deck 1 - XBRL and materiality 
• carbon.txt - Green Web Foundation [25:48]
• A validator for carbon.txt files, and linked documents in them · GitHub [26:51]
• Introducing our new work on carbon.txt - Green Web Foundation 
• GitHub - ml-energy/zeus: Measure and optimize the energy consumption of your AI applications! 
• We know AI can use loads of energy. So why isn't it visible at the point of use when you use it? Is it because it's just too hard to show it? | Chris Adams [34:30] 
• How to use GenAI models if you care about the energy they consume | Chris Adams 
• GitHub - Energy and Carbon Tracking for OpenCode 
• Release Guide: CO2.js v0.18 - Green Web Foundation [40:31]
• Putting things in perspective: Data center investments now on par with renewables, oil and gas [49:14]

Events:

• Sustainable AI for Climate Tech Founders (April 22, 1:00 pm PDT - San Francisco) [51:32]
• Sustainable AI (April 23, 6:00 pm CEST - Utrecht) [51:41]
• HotCarbon Workshop 

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News:

• Benchmarking the Energy Savings with Speculative Decoding Strategies | ACL Anthology [02:11]
• A Curated List of Open-source Software‑only Energy Efficiency Measurement Tools: A GitHub Mining Study [12:32]
• What do we mean by Digital Sustainability? | Catherine Mulligan [19:33]
• Green Software Foundation [25:42] 
• Green Software Movement [27:21]

Events:

• When Sustainable Product Design Becomes Strategic Advantage | 7 Apr 5:00pm CEST (Virtual) [28:17] 
• GreenOps PowerBI Dashboard | 7 Apr 6:30pm CEST (Karlsruhe, hybrid) [28:32]
• CodeCarbon x Pruna x Ecologits Frugal AI Party | 8 Apr 6:00pm CEST (Paris) [28:51]
• Singapore Conference April 14th to 15th 2026 | 14-15 Apr (Singapore) [29:18]

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News:

• Letter from the Outgoing ED of GSF [01:18]
• When is Local AI Greener than the Cloud? | Intelligent Living [12:52]
• The Green Side of Observability: Why Less Data Can Mean More Insight | DevOps.com [18:30]
• Graphics card environmental impact calculator | Hubblo [22:45]

Resources:

• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) specification | GSF [02:07]
• SCI for AI | GSF [02:17]
• SCI for Web | GSF [02:33]
• Green Software Practitioner course | GSF [09:00]
• OnePointFive [09:37]
• GreenOps Academy | Greenpixie [09:52] 
• Electricity Maps [15:15]
• Honeycomb Refinery [20:21]
• More than Carbon: Cradle-to-Grave environmental impacts of GenAI training on the Nvidia A100 GPU [25:47]
• From FLOPs to Footprints: The Resource Cost of Artificial Intelligence [26:12]
• Dr. Sasha Luccioni's Award [27:14]

Events:

• Hobby Projects to Green Production Systems (March 31 at 6:00 pm - Budapest) [29:46]
• PowerBI Dashboard (April 7 at 6:30 pm CEST - Karlsruhe - Hybrid) [30:17]
• Green IO Singapore (April 14-15) [30:51]

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News:

• GSF’s Response to GHG Protocol: Advocating for Hourly Carbon Accounting | GSF [03:11]
• Big Tech Says Generative AI Will Save the Planet. It Doesn’t Offer Much Proof | Wired [19:25]
• Developer engagement in open-source software’s green transition | Nature
• Display: green; applying the web sustainability guidelines - Hidde de Vries - CSS Day 2025 | YouTube

Resources:

• GHG Protocol [03:27]
• What Central Park’s Squirrel Census says about conservation tech | Mongabay [30:54]

Events:

• GreenOps PowerBI Dashboard | 7 Apr 6:30pm CEST (Karlsruhe - Hybrid) [44:25]
• Green IO Singapore Conference | 14-15 Apr (Singapore) [45:24]

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News:

• Exclusive: Google, Tesla, others tackle energy affordability | Axios [02:10]
• Virginia to utilities: Do more with the existing power grid | CanaryMedia [03:38] 
• There's another energy market that may get hit harder than oil by Strait of Hormuz closure [10:08]
• PUE Ranking - Paweł Czyżak on LinkedIn [14:44]
• Markdown, llms.txt and AI crawlers | Dries Buytaert [25:44]
• Datacentre developers face calls to disclose effect on UK’s net emissions | The Guardian [39:14]

Events:

• LUT x Sustinaires | 25 Mar 7:15 AM CET (Remote) [41:29] 
• UX Jumpstart | 26 Mar 2:00 PM CET (Virtual) [41:46] 
• Are you speaking about Green Software? | GSF [41:59] 

Resources:

• Marc Brooker's Blog [06:32]
• Environment Variables Ep 133: TWiGS: Who Pays for AI’s Energy Footprint? [07:09]
• US data centre efficiency ranked by PUE - Rod McLaren: Words that work 
• TPU vs GPU: Which Is Better for AI Infrastructure in 2025? [19:57]
• TPUs improved carbon-efficiency of AI workloads by 3x | Google Cloud Blog  
• Software Carbon Intensity for Artificial Intelligence [21:51]
• Hugging Face AI Energy Score Project [22:43]
• Google & Bing Warn: Markdown Files Can Increase Crawl Load and Cause SEO Issues [27:35]
• Introducing Markdown for Agents [28:57]
• agent-md | GitHub 
• w3c-cg / ai-content-disclosure | GitHub [30:02]
• AI Preferences 
• Measuring for Reporting vs Measuring for Action | GSF 
• CarbonDB [34:22]

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News:

• Shift-Left Sustainability: How to develop green software by design | Kolaxis [03:42]
• We nearly had power profiling in Chromium | Fershad [18:25]
• GDSA Summit returns: building on our progress | Sustainable ICT [25:36]

Events:

• Green Software Practitioner Study Day | 13 Mar 10:00 am GMT (Brighton) [31:22]
• What Software Doesn’t “Count” | 17 Mar 6:00 pm CET (Barcelona) [3:19]
• Reducing Cost and Carbon | 18 Mar 6:00 pm CET (Hamburg) [33:56]
• LUT x Sustinaires | 25 Mar 7:15 am CET (Virtual) [34:55]
• Green Software Italia | 30 Mar 6:30 pm CET (Milan) [35:18]
• UX Jumpstart 26 Mar 2:00 pm CET (Virtual) [35:42]

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News:

• EnergyNet Task Force [03:50]
• EnergyNet on GitHub [03:50]
• EnergyNet expands to 280 apartments in Lund (Warp News) [03:50]
• Is this EnergyNet thing legit? (Chris Adams) [03:50]
• Sam Altman / OpenAI energy use and data centers (The Guardian) [12:20]
• Big Tech says generative AI will save the planet - proof is thin (WIRED) [01:10]
• Big tech greenwashing report (Ketan Joshi) [13:20]
• Different kinds of AI in the climate context (Chris Adams) [15:00]
• AI's Never Just One Thing: Different FLOPS for Different Folks (Hugging Face) [18:20]
• Great Lakes region unprepared for increasing water use demands(Alliance for the Great Lakes) [30:10]
• AI Cap-and-Trade: Efficiency Incentives for Accessibility and Sustainability [36:20]

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News:

• Why AI's water problem might actually be an opportunity | World Economic Forum [06:13]
• GreenOps - CloudBolt: Greener cloud usage multiplies with Kubernetes optimisation [23:51]
• Enabled emissions: How AI helps to supercharge oil and gas production [35:05]

Events:

• Sustainable AI: Your 2026 Playbook | 19 Feb 18:00 GMT (Virtual) [45:31]
• Meme-tivism: Rethinking the Environmental Footprint of AI & ML | King's College London | 23 Feb (London) [45:54]
• Code Green London | 24 Feb 18:30 GMT (London) [46:13]
• Green Software Development Karlsruhe: How Apps Can Emit Less CO₂ | 03 Mar (Karlsruhe) [46:22] 
• Optimizing AI Inference: How to Cut Costs, Latency & Energy | 12 Mar 18:30 CET (Barcelona) [46:35] 
• AI, the ultimate green software challenge | 12 Mar 8:30 GMT (Virtual) [46:48]
• AI & Sustainability | 12 Mar 15:00 AEDT (Sydney) [47:02]
• Green Software Practitioner Study Day - Silicon Brighton | 13 Mar (Brighton) [47:12]

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News:

• Building Community-First AI Infrastructure - Microsoft [05:00]
• Microsoft Pledged to Save Water in the A.I. Era - The New York Times [08:29]
• Building Community-First AI Infrastructure - Microsoft On the Issues 
• Betting big on data centers, U.S. now leads world for new gas power development - Global Energy Monitor [13:56]
• The Robles v. Domino’s Settlement (And Why It Matters) [21:56]
• From FLOPs to Footprints: The Resource Cost of Artificial Intelligence [23:53]
• The Cost of Politeness in AI [29:54]
• Green Coding Solutions: webNRG Released [36:50]
• Energy-Aware Hosted Inference | Neuralwatt Portal [42:35]

Resources:

• Environment Variables Ep 62: Greening Serverless w/ Kate Goldenring [11:24]
• Environment Variables Ep 104: OCP, Wooden Datacentres and Cleaning up Datacentre Diesel w/ Karl Rabe [12:16]
• GitHub - Green-Software-Foundation/real-time-cloud: Real Time Energy and Carbon Standards for Cloud Providers [14:56]
• Web Sustainability Guidelines | W3C [20:14]
• WCAG 2 Overview | Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) | W3C [21:00] 
• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification | GSF [23:22]
• Ecoinvent [27:06]
• Solar power in Finland - Energy [44:38]
• On using solar & batteries to provide 90% of the world population with 90% of their electricity demand for below 90 €/MWh | Chris Adams 
• Solar and batteries can power the world 
• How Did This State Become the Data Center Capital of the World?  
• Subsidizing the Cloud: U.S. State Incentives to Data Centers 
• Scope True - Reality-Based Corporate Carbon Accounting For the Decarbonization 
• webNRG 
• GitHub - webNRG 

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Resources:

• Open‑Source Carbon Measurement Engine: How Carmen Advances Sustainable Engineering | Amadeus  [00:30] 
• How Amadeus engineers are contributing to a carbon-aware software industry? | Amadeus [03:08]
• Impact Framework | GSF [05:30]
• Environment Variables Ep 96 | Backstage: Impact Framework [07:48]
• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification | GSF [17:13]
• GitHub - AmadeusITGroup/carmen: Open-source carbon measurement for cloud infrastructure and Kubernetes workloads. [20:48]

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Resources:

• Why inclusive products are green products - TetraLogical [11:57] 
• Green AI: Hype or Hope? | Harvard Magazine 
• GenAI Ecosystems Are Software, Not Magic: What It Takes to Build Something You Can Live With | by Wilco Burggraaf | Medium  

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Resources:

• GreenPT [01:14] 
• Green Software - The Netherlands | Meetup [02:34]
• Scaleway [22:40]
• Neuralwatt [29:23]

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Resources:

• Solar Protocol [02:33]
• KEDA [04:37] 
• Azure API Management [10:01]
• Grid-aware websites - Green Web Foundation [20:37]
• Electricity Maps [23:25]
• Real Time Energy and Carbon Standard for Cloud Providers [26:17]
• Azure API Management | Microsoft Azure Blog [30:01]

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Resources:

• Building Green Software [Book] [03:17]
• Environment Variables Ep 115 - Real Efficiency at Scale with Sean Varley [09:06]
• Environment Variables Ep 107 - Cloud Infrastructure, Efficiency and Sustainability [09:47]
• RISC vs CISC - GeeksforGeeks 
• Microsoft .NET 

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News:

• AI Energy Score v2: Refreshed Leaderboard, now with Reasoning | Hugging Face [05:57]
• Digital Transformation, IT Cost Optimization & Sustainable IT Solutions | Antarctica [15:43]
• Scott’s Chamberlin of NeuralWatt’s survey link on charging for AI inference by the KWh, instead of by the token, to align incentives [29:16]
• Simplified European Sustainability Reporting Standards | ESG [31:10]
• Climate rift opens between Amazon and rivals in row over data centre power | Financial Times [40:46]

Resources:

• SCI for AI spec referencing token use | GSF [14:35]
• Are these all the tokens we should be counting? Ismael Velasco’s talk at Green IO [25:57]
• GitHub: System Prompts for Grok chat assistant [28:36]
• Elon Musk's AI chatbot, Grok, started calling itself 'MechaHitler' | NPR [28:53]
• Wow tech firms STILL need to report their revenue from the oil and gas sector, even after reporting standards have been ‘simplified’? | Chris Adams [31:19]
• An E.E.D. update: Who is disclosing and who isn't ? - Green Web Foundation  [34:43]
• The secretive cabal of US polluters that is rewriting the EU’s human rights and climate law - SOMO [37:27]
• [Draft] ESRS E1 - Climate Change 

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• Adam Newman: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website
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News:

• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification | GSF [00:48]
• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) For Web: Measuring energy and emissions of web applications [02:03]
• Kitemill [09:32]
• Cardamon | Root & Branch [12:56]
• GitHub - Root-Branch/cardamon-web-model [32:09]
• Green Metrics Tool | green-coding.io [43:18]
• Green Software Brighton | Meetup [58:09]

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News:

• China's HiCloud launches wind-powered underwater data center [07:21]
• Microsoft finds underwater datacenters are reliable and sustainable [24:26]
• Thirsty AI mega projects raise alarm in Europe’s driest regions [25:49] 
• How datacenters are innovating with sustainability in mind [36:08]

Resources:

• Green Software Italia 🌱 [03:18]
• Green Software Italia | LinkedIn 
• Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) [11:06]
• Environment Variables Ep 59 | TWiGS: CNCF TAG Environmental Sustainability [11:25]
• Environment Variables Ep 14 | Community Clouds and Energy Islands with Dawn Nafus and Laura Watts [17:56]
• Green Software Movement [35:25] 
• SCI for AI [41:16]
• Projects | GSF [41:46] 

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• Anne Currie: LinkedIn | Website
• Karthik Vaidhyanathan: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website

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Resources:

• Attention Is All You Need [06:34]
• Environment Variables Ep119 Backstage: The Green Software Movement Platform [13:16] 
• SustAInd [33:01]
• HarmonE [36:00] 
• SA4S @ SERC [36:33]

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Resources:

• Power in Numbers: Mapping the electricity grid of the future w/ Olivier Corradi [31:02] 
• Electricity Maps [31:58]
• Google’s huge new Essex datacentre to emit 570,000 tonnes of CO2 a year [41:06] 
• Compute Gardener Scheduler
• Scalable Platform for Reporting Usage and Cloud Emissions 

Events:

• BetterSoftware – October 3 · Turin, Italy
• Sustainable AI: Energy, Water, and the Future of Growth – October 6 · San Francisco, USA 
• Sustainable Coding: Rust Meets the Right to Repair – October 16 · ’s-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands

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• Didi Hoffmann: LinkedIn | Website

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Resources:

• Green Coding Solutions [02:32]
• BioHof Potsdam [07:12]
• PowerLetrics: An Open-Source Framework for Power and Energy Metrics for Linux | IEEE [12:32]
• GitHub - green-kernel/powerletrics: Powermetrics for Linux 
• Green Metrics Tool | green-coding.io [13:13]
• Green Screen Catalyst Fund [17:15]
• ProcPower | Prototype Fund [22:19]
• Green Kernel Wordpress Plugin | GitHub [27:09]
• GitHub - Green-Software-Foundation/real-time-cloud: Real Time Energy and Carbon Standards for Cloud Providers [36:48] 
• Blue Angel for Software- Certificate Services | green-coding.io [38:52]
• Paris Conference December 10th and 11th 2025 | Green IO [56:58]
• Green Kernel · GitHub
• Why We’re Exploring SCI Disclosure Certification | GSF  

Events:

• ecoCompute conference [59:41]
• Code: ENVIRONMENT-VARIABLES

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• CLICK THIS LINK AND COMMENT BELOW TO WIN 

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Resources:

• Green Software Movement | GSF [04:33] 
• Green Software Practitioner Course | GSF [17:56] 
• Environment Variables Podcast | Ep 84 Backstage: SOFT (Previously TOSS) Project [24:42] 

Events:

• Green IO London Conference September 23 & 24 2025 [20:37] 
• Events - Green Software Movement | GSF

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News:

• A Gift from Hugging Face on Earth Day: ChatUI-Energy Lets You See Your AI Chat’s Energy Impact Live [04:02]
• Our contribution to a global environmental standard for AI | Mistral AI [19:47]
• AI Energy Score Leaderboard - a Hugging Face Space by AIEnergyScore [30:42]
• Challenges Related to Approximating the Energy Consumption of a Website | IEEE [55:14]
• National Drought Group meets to address “nationally significant” water shortfall - GOV.UK 

Resources:

• GitHub - huggingface/chat-ui: Open source codebase powering the HuggingChat app [07:47]
• General policy framework for the ecodesign of digital services version 2024 [29:37]
• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification Project | GSF [37:35]
• Neural scaling law - Wikipedia [45:26]
• Software Carbon Intensity for Artificial Intelligence | GSF [52:25]

Announcement:

• Green Software Movement | GSF [01:01:45] 

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TRANSCRIPT BELOW:

Asim Hussain: ChatGPT, they're all like working towards a space of how do we build a tool where people can literally pour junk into it, and it will figure something out. 

Whereas what we should be doing, is how do you use that context window very carefully. And it is like programming. 

Chris Adams: Hello, and welcome to Environment Variables, brought to you by the Green Software Foundation. In each episode, we discuss the latest news and events surrounding green software. On our show, you can expect candid conversations with top experts in their field who have a passion for how to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of software.

I'm your host, Chris Adams. 

Hello and welcome to this week in Green Software where we look at the latest news in sustainable software development. I am joined once again by my friend and partner in crime or occasionally crimes, Asim Hussain, of the Green Software Foundation. My name is Chris Adams. I am the Director of Policy and Technology at the Green Web Foundation, no longer the executive director there,

and, as we've moved to a co-leadership model. And, Asim, really lovely to see you again, and I believe this is the first time we've been on a video podcast together, right?

Asim Hussain: Yeah. I have to put clothes on now, so, so that's,

Chris Adams: That raises all kinds of questions to how intimate our podcast discussions were before. Maybe they had a different meaning to you than they did to me, actually.

Asim Hussain: Maybe you didn't know I was naked, but anyway.

Chris Adams: No, and that makes it fine. That's what, that's what matters. I also have to say, this is the first time we get to, I like the kind of rocking the Galactus style headphones that you've got on here.

Asim Hussain: These are my, yeah, no, these are old ones that I posted recently. I actually repaired them. I got my soldering iron and I repaired the jack at the end there. So, I'm very proud of myself for having repaired. I had the right to repair. Chris. I had the right to repair it.

Chris Adams: Yeah. This is why policy matters.

Asim Hussain: I also have the capability.

Chris Adams: Good. So you can get, so, good on you for saving a bunch of embodied carbon and, how that's calculated is something we might touch on. So, yes. So if you are new to this podcast, my friends, we're just gonna be reviewing some of the news and stories that are kinda showed up on our respective radars as we work in our kind of corresponding roles in both the Green Software Foundation and the Green Web Foundation.

And hopefully this will be somewhat interesting or at least diverting to people as they wash their dishes whilst listening to us. So that's the plan. Asim, should I give you a chance to just briefly introduce what you do at the Green Software Foundation before I go into this?

'Cause I realized, I've just assumed that everyone knows who you are. And I know who you are, but maybe there's people who are listening for the first time, for example.

Asim Hussain: Oh yeah. So, yeah. So my name's Asim Hussain. I am a technologist by trade. I've been building software for several decades now. I formed the green software, yeah, Green Software Foundation, you know, four years ago. And, now I'm the executive director and I'm basically in charge of, yeah, just running the foundation and making sure we deliver against our vision of a futur...

Learn more about our people:

• Chris Adams: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website
• Scott Chamberlin: LinkedIn | Website

Find out more about the GSF:

• The Green Software Foundation Website 
• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

News:

• Set a carbon fee in Sustainability Manager | Microsoft [26:45]
• Making an Impact with Microsoft's Carbon Fee | Microsoft Report [28:40] 
• AI Training Load Fluctuations at Gigawatt-scale – Risk of Power Grid Blackout? – SemiAnalysis [49:12]

Resources:

• Chris’s question on LinkedIn about understanding the energy usage from personal use of Generative AI tools [01:56]
• Neuralwatt Demo on YouTube [02:04]
• Charting the path towards sustainable AI with Azure Machine Learning resource metrics | Will Alpine [24:53] 
• NVApi - Nvidia GPU Monitoring API | smcleod.net [29:44]
• Azure Machine Learning monitoring data reference | Microsoft 
• Environment Variables Episode 63 - Greening Serverless with Kate Goldenring [31:18]
• NVIDIA to Acquire GPU Orchestration Software Provider Run:ai [33:20]
• Run.AI
• NVIDIA Run:ai Documentation  
• GitHub - huggingface/AIEnergyScore: AI Energy Score: Initiative to establish comparable energy efficiency ratings for AI models. [56:20]
• Carbon accounting in the Cloud: a methodology for allocating emissions across data center users 

If you enjoyed this episode then please either:

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TRANSCRIPT BELOW:

Scott Chamberlin: Every AI factory is going to be power constrained in the future. And so what does compute look like if power is the number one limiting factor that you have to deal with? 

Chris Adams: Hello, and welcome to Environment Variables, brought to you by the Green Software Foundation. In each episode, we discuss the latest news and events surrounding green software. On our show, you can expect candid conversations with top experts in their field who have a passion for how to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of software.

I'm your host, Chris Adams. 

Hello and welcome to Environment Variables, where we bring you the latest news and updates from the world of sustainable software development. I'm your host, Chris Adams. We talk a lot about transparency on this podcast when talking about green software, because if you want to manage the environmental impact of software, it really helps if you can actually measure it.

And as we've covered on this podcast before, measurement can very quickly become quite the rabbit hole to go down, particularly in new domains such as generative AI. So I'm glad to have our guest, Scott Chamberlain today here to help us navigate as we plum these depths. Why am I glad in particular?

Well, in previous lives, Scott not only built the Microsoft Windows operating system power and carbon tracking tooling, getting deep into the weeds of measuring how devices consume electricity, but he was also key in helping Microsoft Azure work out their own internal carbon accounting standards. He then moved on to working at Intel to work on a few related projects, including work to expose these kinds of numbers in usable form to developers when people when making the chips that go in these servers. His new project Neuralwatt is bringing more transparency and control to AI language models.

And a few weeks back when I was asking on LinkedIn for pointers on how to understand the energy usage from LLMs I use, he shared a link to a very cool demo showing basically the thing I was asking for: real-time energy usage figures from Nvidia cards directly in the interface of a chat tool. The video's in the show notes if you're curious.

And it is really, cool. So Scott, thank you so much for joining us. Is there anything else that I missed that you'd like to add for the intro before we dive into any of this stuff?

Scott Chamberlin: No, that sounds good.

Chris Adams: Cool. Well, Scott, thank you very much once again for joining us. If you are new to this podcast, just a reminder, we'll try and share a link to every single project in the show notes.

So if there are things that are particularly interest, go to podcast.greensoftware.foundation and we'll do our best to make sure that we have links to any papers, projects, or demos like we said. Alright, Scott, I've done a bit of an intro about your background and everything like that, and you're calling me from a kind of pleasingly green room today.

So maybe I should ask you, can I ask where you're calling from today and a little bit about like the place?

Scott Chamberlin: So I live in the ...

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Resources:

• Ampere Cloud Native Processors – Ultra-efficient ARM-based chips powering cloud and edge workloads [02:30]
• AI Platform Alliance – Coalition promoting energy-efficient AI hardware [04:55]
• Ampere + Rakuten Case Study – Real-world deployment with 36% less energy per rack [05:50]
• Green Software Foundation Real Time Cloud Project – Standardizing real-time carbon data from cloud providers [15:10]
• Software Carbon Intensity Specification – Measuring the carbon intensity of software [17:45]
• FinOps Foundation – Financial accountability in cloud usage, with sustainability guidance [24:20]
• Kepler Project – Kubernetes power usage monitoring [26:30]
• LLaMA Models by Meta [29:10]
• Anthropic’s Claude AI [31:25]
• Anne Currie, Sara Bergman & Sarah Hsu: Building Green Software [34:00]

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TRANSCRIPT BELOW:

Sean Varley: Because at the end of the day, if you want to be more sustainable, then just use less electricity. That's the whole point, right. 

Chris Adams: Hello, and welcome to Environment Variables, brought to you by the Green Software Foundation. In each episode, we discuss the latest news and events surrounding green software. On our show, you can expect candid conversations with top experts in their field who have a passion for how to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of software.

I'm your host, Chris Adams. 

Anne Currie: Hello and welcome to the World of Environment Variables, where we bring you the latest news and updates from the world of sustainable software. So I'm your guest host today. It's not, you're not hearing the usual dulcet tones of Chris Adams. My name is Anne Currie. And today we'll be diving into a pressing and timely topic, how to scale AI infrastructure sustainably in a world where energy constraints are becoming a hard limit. And that means that we are gonna be, have to be a little bit more clever and a little bit more careful when we choose the chips we run on. So it's tempting to believe that innovation alone will lead us towards greener compute, but in reality, real sustainability gains happen when efficiency becomes a business imperative when performance per watt, cost and carbon footprint are all measured and all have weight. So, that's where companies like Ampere come in, with cloud native energy efficient approaches to chip design. They're rethinking how we power the AI boom, not just faster but smarter. It's a strategy that aligns directly with Green Software Foundation's mission to reduce carbon emissions from the software lifecycle, particularly in the cloud. So in this episode, we'll explore what this looks like at scale and what we can learn from Ampere's approach to real world efficiency. So what did it take? What does it take to make an AI ready infrastructure that's both powerful, effective, and sustainable? Let's find out. And today we have with us Sean Varley from Ampere.

So Sean, welcome to the show. Can you tell us a little bit about yourself?

Sean Varley: Yeah, absolutely Anne, and thanks first for having me on the podcast. I'm a big fan, so, I'm looking forward to this conversation. So I'm the chief evangelist of Ampere Computing. And, I, now what that means is that we run a lot of the ecosystem building and all of the partnership kind of, works that go on to support our silicon products in the marketplace.

And also, build a lot of awareness right around some of these concepts you introduced. You know, all of the, you know, kind of building out that awareness around sustainability and power efficiency and how that also really kinda works, within different workload contexts and workload context change over time.

So all of those sorts of things are kind of in scope, for the evangelism role.

Anne Currie: That's, that is fantastic. So I'll just introduce myself a little bit as well. My name is Anne Currie. If you haven't heard the podcast before, I am one of the authors of O'Reilly's new book, Building Green Software, which I, as I always say, everybody who's listening to this podcast should read Building Green Software.

That was, that is entirely why we wrote the book. I'm also the CEO of the training and Green Consulting Company as Strategically Green. So, hit me up on LinkedIn if you want to talk a little bit about training consultancy, but back to the, back to the podcast. Oh, and I need to remember that everything we'll be talking about today, there will be links about it in the show notes.

So you don't need to worry about writing down URLs or anything. Just look at the show notes before. So, now, I'm actually gonna start off the question by harking, start off the podcast by harking back to somebody that we had on the podcast a couple of months ago. A chap called, Charles Humble. And his, the assertion that he was making was that we all need to wake up to the fact that there isn't just one chip anymore, there isn't a default chip anymore that everybody uses and is kind of good enough for the best in all circumstances to use. when you are, setting up infrastructure, or in the cloud for example, and you have ...

Learn more about our people:

• Chris Adams: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website
• Adrian Cockcroft: LinkedIn | GitHub | Medium

Find out more about the GSF:

• The Green Software Foundation Website 
• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

Resources:

• Serverless vs. Microservices vs. Monolith – Adrian's influential blog post [08:08]
• Monitorama 2022: Monitoring Carbon – Adrian’s talk at Monitorama Portland [25:08]
• Real Time Cloud Project – Green Software Foundation [30:23]
• Google Cloud Sustainability Report (2024) – Includes regional carbon data [33:39]
• Microsoft Sustainability Report [36:49]
• AWS Sustainability Practices & AWS Customer Carbon Footprint Tool [39:59]
• Kepler – Kubernetes-based Efficient Power Level Exporter [48:01]
• Focus – FinOps Sustainability Working Group [50:10]
• Agent Swarm by Reuven Cohen – AI agent-based coding framework [01:05:01]
• Claude AI by Anthropic [01:05:32]
• GitHub Codespaces [01:11:47]
• Soopra AI – Chat with an AI trained on Adrian’s blog [01:17:01]

If you enjoyed this episode then please either:

• Follow, rate, and review on Apple Podcasts
• Follow and rate on Spotify
• Watch our videos on The Green Software Foundation YouTube Channel!
• Connect with us on Twitter, Github and LinkedIn!

TRANSCRIPT BELOW:

Adrian Cockcroft: We figured out it wasn't really possible to get real time energy statistics out of cloud providers because the numbers just didn't exist.

It turns out the only place you can get real time numbers is on things that are not virtualized.

Chris Adams: Hello, and welcome to Environment Variables, brought to you by the Green Software Foundation. In each episode, we discuss the latest news and events surrounding green software. On our show, you can expect candid conversations with top experts in their field who have a passion for how to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of software.

I'm your host, Chris Adams.

Welcome to Environment Variables, where we bring you the latest news and updates from the world of sustainable software development. I'm your host, Chris Adams. If you have worked in cloud computing for any length of time, then even if you do not know the name yet yourself, it's very likely that the way you design systems will have been influenced by my guest today, Adrian Cockcroft.

When at Netflix, Adrian led the move to the cloud there helping, popularize many of the patterns we use when deploying applications ourselves to the cloud. And his name then became synonymous with serverless throughout the 2010s when he joined AWS first leading on open source engagement, and then as a VP focused on what we might refer to now as cloud sustainability.

After leaving AWS, Adrian's kept his fingers in many pies, one of which is the Green Software Foundation's real time cloud project, an initiative to bring transparency and consistency to cloud emissions reporting. With the first dataset release from that project out the door, it seemed a good idea to invite him onto the show to see what's up.

Adrian, thank you so much for joining us today. Can I give you a bit of time to tell us about yourself and what you are, what's what you're keeping? What's keeping you busy these days? I.

Adrian Cockcroft: Yeah, it's great to see you and thanks also for your contributions to the project. We've had a lot of discussions over the last few years as we've worked on that together. well, I'm sort of semi-retired. I stopped my big corporate job at Amazon in 2022. and yeah, I spend my time worrying about my family.

I've got old parents that live in the uk, so I spend a lot of time with them. And, fixing stuff around the house and generally goofing around and doing things I feel like doing rather than stuff that's driven by some corporate agenda. So I'm enjoying that freedom. And, let's see the, yeah, I spend time on the, Green Software Foundation project.

I go to a few conferences and give a few talks and I try to keep up with, you know, what's happening in technology by playing around with whatever the latest tools are and things like that. And that's been my career over the years. I've generally been an early adopter through my entire career. as you mentioned, we were early adopters in cloud.

Back when people said This isn't gonna work and you'll be back in the data center soon. People forgot that was the initial reaction to what we said. it's a little bit like that now with people saying, all this AI stuff doesn't work and we're gonna be giving up and whatever. And it's like, well, I'm making bits of it work well enough to be interesting.

We can talk a bit about that later. and then I know you probably see behind me various musical instruments and things like that, so that's kind of, I, collect musical instruments that I don't have time to really learn how to play and mess around and make bad noises that make me happy. But luckily no one else has to listen to them particularly.

Learn more about our people:

• Chris Skipper: LinkedIn | Website
• Navveen Balani: LinkedIn

Find out more about the GSF:

• The Green Software Foundation Website 
• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

Resources:

• Software Standards Working Group [00:18]
• GSF Directory | Projects [01:06]
• https://wiki.greensoftware.foundation/proj-mycelium [03:57]
• Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification | GSF [04:18] 
• Impact Framework [08:09]
• Carbon Aware SDK [09:11]
• Green Software Patterns [09:32]
• Awesome Green Software | GitHub [10:11]
• Software Carbon Intensity for AI [10:58]
• Software Carbon Intensity for Web [12:24]

Events:

• Developer Week 2025 (July 3 · Mannheim) [13:20]
• Green IO Munich (July 3-4) [13:35]
• EVOLVE [25]: Shaping Tomorrow (July 4 · Brighton) [13:51]
• Grid-Aware Websites (July 6 at 7:00 pm CEST · Amsterdam) [14:03]
• Master JobRunr v8: A Live-Coding Webinar (July 6 · Virtual) [14:20]
• Blue Angle for Software / Carbon Aware Computing (July 9 at 6:30 pm CEST · Berlin) [14:30]
• Shaping Progress Responsibly—AI and Sustainability (July 10 at 6:00 pm CEST · Frankfurt am Main) [14:41]
• Green Data Center for Green Software (July 15 at 6:30 pm CEST · Hybrid · Karlsruhe) [14:52]

If you enjoyed this episode then please either:

• Follow, rate, and review on Apple Podcasts
• Follow and rate on Spotify
• Watch our videos on The Green Software Foundation YouTube Channel!

Connect with us on Twitter, Github and LinkedIn!

TRANSCRIPT BELOW:

Chris Skipper: Welcome to Backstage, the behind the scenes series from Environment Variables, where we take a look at the Green Software Foundation's key initiatives and working groups. I'm the producer and host, Chris Skipper. Today we are shining a spotlight on the Green Software Foundation's Software Standards working group. This group plays a critical role in shaping the specifications and benchmarks that guide the development of green software.

Chaired by Henry Richardson, a senior analyst at what time, and Navveen Balani, managing Director and Chief Technologist for Technology Sustainable Innovation at Accenture, the group's mission is to build baseline specifications that can be used across the world, whether you're running systems in a cloud environment in Europe or on the ground in a developing country.

In other words, the Software Standards Working Group is all about creating interoperable, reliable standards, tools that allow us to measure, compare, and improve the sustainability of software in a meaningful way.

Some of the major projects they lead at the Green Software Foundation include the Software Carbon Intensity Specification, or SCI, which defines how to calculate the carbon emissions of software; the SCI for Artificial Intelligence, which extends this framework to cover the unique challenges of measuring emissions from AI workloads; the SCI for Web, which focuses on emissions from websites and front end systems;

the Realtime Energy and Carbon Standard for Cloud Providers, which aims to establish benchmarks for emissions data and cloud platforms;

the SCI Guide, which helps organizations navigate energy carbon intensity and embodied emissions methodologies,

and the Transforming Organizations for Sustainable Software, or TOSS framework, which offers a broader blueprint for integrating sustainability across business and development processes.

Together these initiatives support the foundation's broader mission to reduce the total change in global carbon emissions associated with software by prioritizing abatement over offsetting, and building trust through open, transparent, and inclusive standards. Now for some recent updates from the working group.

Earlier this year, the group made a big move by bringing the SCI for AI project directly into its core focus. As the world turns more and more to artificial intelligence, figuring out how to measure AI's energy use and emissions footprint is becoming a priority. That's why they've committed to developing a baseline SCI specification for AI over the next few months, drawing on insights from a recent Green AI committee workshop and collaborating closely with experts across the space.

There's also growing interest in extending the SCI framework beyond carbon. In a recent meeting, the group discussed the potential for creating a software water intensity metric, a way to track water usage associated with digital infrastructure, especially data centers. While that comes with some chal...

Learn more about our people:

• Chris Adams: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website
• Anne Currie: LinkedIn
• Chris Skipper: LinkedIn
• Pindy Bhullar: LinkedIn
• Liya Mathew: LinkedIn
• Asim Hussain: LinkedIn
• Holly Cummins: LinkedIn
• Charles Tripp: LinkedIn
• Dawn Nafus: LinkedIn
• Max Schulze: LinkedIn
• Killian Daly: LinkedIn
• James Martin: LinkedIn

Find out more about the GSF:

• The Green Software Foundation Website 
• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

Resources:

• Backstage: TOSS Project (02:26)
• Backstage: Green Software Patterns (04:51)
• The Week in Green Software: Obscuring AI’s Real Carbon Output (07:41)
• The Week in Green Software: Sustainable AI Progress (09:51)
• AI Energy Measurement for Beginners (12:57)
• The Economics of AI (15:22)
• How to Tell When Energy Is Green with Killian Daly (17:47)
• How to Explain Software to Normal People with James Martin (20:29)
  
  

If you enjoyed this episode then please either:

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TRANSCRIPT BELOW:
Chris Skipper: Welcome to Environment Variables from the Green Software Foundation. The podcast that brings you the latest in sustainable software development has now been running for three years.

So that's three years of the latest news in green software, talking about everything from AI energy through to the cloud, and its effect on our environment and how we as a software community can make things better for everybody else.

This past year Environment Variables has truly embodied the mission of the Green Software Foundation, and that's to create a trusted ecosystem of people, standards, tools, and best practices for creating and building green software. Now this episode's gonna feature some of the more key episodes that we did over the last year.

We're gonna be looking at a wide variety of topics and it's going to be hopefully a nice journey back through both the timeline of the podcast, but also the landscape of green software over the last year and how it has dramatically changed, not only due to the dramatic rise in use of AI amongst other things, but also just to the fantastic ideas that people have brought to the table in order to try and solve the problem of trying to decarbonize software. So without further ado, let's dive in to the first topic.

​

Chris Skipper: First, we brought about a new change in the way the podcast was structured. A new type of episode called Backstage.

Backstage is basically a behind the scenes look at the Green Software Foundation, internal projects and working groups. It's a space for our community to hear directly from project leaders to share the wins and their lessons learned and reinforce trust and transparency, which is one of the core tenets of the Green Software Foundation Manifesto.

Now, there were a bunch of great projects that were featured over the last year. We're gonna look at two specifically.

In our first backstage episode, we introduced the TOSS project. TOSS stands for Transforming Organizations for Sustainable Software, and it's led by the fantastic Pindy Bhullar. This project aims to embed sustainability into business strategy and operations through a four pillar framework.

. It's a perfect example of how the foundation operationalizes its mission to minimize emissions by supporting organizations on their sustainability journey.

Let's hear the snippet from Pendi explaining these four pillars.

Pindy Bhullar: Transforming organizations for sustainable software is the acronym for toss. Businesses will be able to utilize the toss framework as a guide to lay the groundwork for managing change and also improving software operations in the future, software practices within organizations can be integrated with sustainability in a cohesive and agile manner, rather than addressing green software practices in an isolated approach.

For a company to fully benefit from sustainable transformation of their software development processes, we need to review all aspects of technology. The Toss framework is designed to be embedded across multiple aspects of its business operations. Dividing the task framework along four pillars has allowed for simultaneous, top down and bottom up reinforcement of sustainable practices, as well as the integration of new tools, processes, and regulations that I merge over time.

The four pillars aim to foster a dynamic foundation for companies to understand where to act now, to adjust later and expand within organizational's sustainable software transformation. The four pillars are strategy, implementation. Operational compliance and regulations and within each of the pillars, we have designed a decision tree that will be construc...

Learn more about our people:

• Chris Adams: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website
• Thibaud Colas: LinkedIn | Website

Find out more about the GSF:

• The Green Software Foundation Website 
• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

Resources:

• Wagtail CMS [01:46]
• Web Almanac | HTTP Archive [08:03]
• Google Summer of Code [11:07] 
• Wagtail RFCs [19:51] 
• A Gift from Hugging Face on Earth Day: ChatUI-Energy [27:55]
• PyCon US [36:07]
• Grid-aware websites - Green Web Foundation [39:22] 
• Climate Action Tech [41:07] 
• Agent Bedlam: A Future of Endless AI Energy Consumption? - My Framer Site 
• Here's how re/insurers can curb GenAI emissions | Reinsurance Business 

If you enjoyed this episode then please either:

• Follow, rate, and review on Apple Podcasts
• Follow and rate on Spotify
• Watch our videos on The Green Software Foundation YouTube Channel!
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TRANSCRIPT BELOW:

Thibaud Colas: If you get your contributors to work on high value and high impact things, that's the best way to motivate them. So that's kind of the idea here is, formalize that we have a goal to reduce our footprint. And by virtue of this, we, you know, make it a more impactful thing for people to work on by having those numbers, by communicating this specific change to images, here is the potential for it to reduce emissions.

Chris Adams: Hello, and welcome to Environment Variables, brought to you by the Green Software Foundation. In each episode, we discuss the latest news and events surrounding green software. On our show, you can expect candid conversations with top experts in their field who have a passion for how to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of software.

I'm your host, Chris Adams. 

 Hello and welcome to Environment Variables, where we bring you the latest news and updates from the world of sustainable software development. I'm your host, Chris Adams. If you want the way we build software to be more sustainable and more inclusive, one way to improve the chances of this happening is to make it easier to build it that way,

so building greener software goes with the grain of the software framework you're using. And one way to do that is update the defaults that prioritize accessibility and sustainability in the framework itself. One of the people I've seen who really exemplifies this idea and this approach is my guest today, Thibaud Colas,

a lead developer at the software agency, Torchbox, the current president of the Django Software Foundation and the product lead at the popular Wagtail Content Management System, which is also built on top of Django. The Wagtail CMS powers sites like the NASA Jet Propulsion Labs website, the University of Pennsylvania's website, the Tate Gallery, and even the main NHS website in the UK.

So while it might not have the same coverage as WordPress, which covers more than a third of the internet, still powers a large number of, a number of large sites, and changes made in this framework can have a decent reach. So changes made here are worth discussing because the Wagtail CMS docs, in my view, are probably the most advanced talking about sustainability for any open source CMS right now.

And there's a clear link between sustainability and embodied admissions of the hardware that you actually, that people need to use to access your websites too. And with that in mind, you can see it's got some of the most developed accessibility features as well. But we're getting ahead of ourselves though, and Thibaud is in a much better place to talk about this than me.

So Thibaud, thank you so much for joining us. Can I give you the floor to introduce yourself for our listeners?

Thibaud Colas: Hi. It's my pleasure, Chris. Thank you for having me. I'm Thibaud, my pronouns are he/him. And, yeah, I'm the product lead, for the Wagtail CMS at Torchbox. Wagtail is an open source project and products, and Torchbox, we are the original creators of the project and main contributors. And, yeah, as product lead I helped shape the work of Torchbox on Wagtail and of other contributors as well. And, as president of the Jingo Software Foundation, I have similar responsibilities for the Django Project. Django being a big Web framework, one of the biggest on Python. Just to give you a sense of scale, Wagtail, that's on the order of 10 to 20,000 sites out there. And Django, we're talking half a million to a million projects.

Chris Adams: Cool. Thank you, Thibaud. And, Thibaud, where are you calling me from today? Because, I,

Thibaud Colas: I'm in Cambridge, UK. got started on Wagtail way back in New Zealand,

but travels took me back to Europe and UK. I'm from France originally.

Chris Adams: Oh, cool. Alright, thank you for that. So I'm Chris Adams. I am the co-chair of the Green Software Foundation Policy Working Group. I'm also one of the, we're also, we also have show notes for this.

So all the projects and links that we discuss will be available. So in your quest to basically develop better sustain sustainable software engineering skills, that will all be available for...

Learn more about our people:

• Anne Currie: LinkedIn | Website
• Jamie Dobson: LinkedIn | Website

Find out more about the GSF:

• The Green Software Foundation Website 
• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

Resources:

• The Cloud Native Attitude: Amazon.co.uk | Anne Currie, Jamie Dobson [01:21]
• Building Green Software: O'Riley | Anne Currie, Sarah Hsu, Sara Bergman [01:38]
• Visionaries, Rebels and Machines: Amazon.com | Jamie Dobson [03:28]
• Jevons paradox - Wikipedia [11:41]  

If you enjoyed this episode then please either:

• Follow, rate, and review on Apple Podcasts
• Follow and rate on Spotify
• Watch our videos on The Green Software Foundation YouTube Channel!

Connect with us on Twitter, Github and LinkedIn!

TRANSCRIPT BELOW:

Jamie Dobson: We're loaded up all these data centers, we're increasing data sets, but ultimately no matter how much compute and data you throw at an artificial neural network, I think it would never fully replace what a human does. 

Chris Adams: Hello, and welcome to Environment Variables, brought to you by the Green Software Foundation. In each episode, we discuss the latest news and events surrounding green software. On our show, you can expect candid conversations with top experts in their field who have a passion for how to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of software.

I'm your host, Chris Adams. 

Anne Currie: Hello and welcome to Environment Variables Podcast, where we give you the latest news and updates from the world of sustainable software development. So this week I am your guest host Anne Currie. And you don't have the dulcet tones of Chris Adams, you're left with me this week. So we're gonna do something a little bit different this week.

I have got an old friend and colleague and co-author, Jamie Dobson in to talk about it. So Jamie is the co-founder and CEO of a company called Container Solutions. And he's the author of the soon to be released book; Visionaries, Rebels and Machines, which I've read, and that's what we'll be talking a lot about.

And he's also the, one of my co-authors of a book I wrote nearly 10 years ago called the Cloud Native Attitude, which is about the principles of moving into the cloud. And there's an awful lot in there about sustainability with that, there's a lot we need to talk about around that. And it was actually for me, the precursor to the book that I wrote which came out with O'Reilly last year, with co-authors Sarah Hsu and Sara Bergman, Building Green Software, which as I always say every week,

everybody listening to this podcast should read because you'll find it very interesting and it is couldn't be more germane. So today we're gonna talk about those three books, really, and the thematic links between them all, which are really about resource efficiency, building at scale without it costing a ridiculous amount of money or using a ridiculous amount of resources.

And also resilience, which is something we're gonna really have to focus on when it comes to running on renewable power. So, let me let Jamie introduce himself and maybe tell us a little bit about his new book, Visionaries, Rebels, I can never remember whether it's Rebels, visionaries and Machines.

It's Visionaries, Rebels and Machines. Go for it, Jamie.

Jamie Dobson: Visionaries, Rebels and Machines. That's correct. Hello Anne. Thanks for having me on the podcast. And hello to all your listeners. who tune in every week? Yeah. So my name is Jamie. I am indeed the co-founder of a company called Container Solutions. But it's no longer, I'm no longer, I should say, the chief exec,

'cause I handed that role over about a year ago, which is probably why, or, you know, it explains why I could find the time to finish writing this damn book. So Container Solutions is a company that specializes in cloud transformation, helping customers, you know, get off whatever infrastructure they're running on now and get onto, you know, efficient cloud infrastructure.

And if we do that right, then it's kind of green and sustainable infrastructure, but it's hard to get right, which I'm sure we're gonna discuss today. 

Anne Currie: Indeed. Yes. Yes. So, so you've got a book that's about to come out, which I have read, but it's not yet available in, the, in the stores, but it will be available on, in all good book bookstores, Visionaries, Rebels and Machines. And I, the reason why I asked you to come on is because I think there are a lot of ideas in there that would, that we need to be talking about and thinking about.

So, so tell us a little bit about Visionaries, Rebels and Machines, and then I'll tell you why I think it's interesting.

Jamie Dobson: Absolutely. Yeah. So, so Visionaries, Rebels and Machines, we have to start at a point in time. And that point in time is about four or five years ago. And I was asked the question, "what's the cloud?" It was, the person asking me, it was a junior colleague, new to Container Solutions. And, you know, I started to answer, or at least I opened my mouth,

and of course I can answer that question, but I can't answer it necessarily succinctly. So I was asked the question, I think probably around about June, so maybe about five years ago today actually. And over the summer period I was thinking, "God, how do you answer that question? What is the cloud?" And so I started to creep backwards in time.

Well, the cloud is, you know, there's a bunch of computers in a warehouse somewhere. But what'...

Learn more about our people:

• Chris Adams: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website
• James Martin: LinkedIn | Website

Find out more about the GSF:

• The Green Software Foundation Website 
• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

News:

• Environmental Footprint Calculator | Scaleway [14:19]
• AI on a diet: how to apply frugal AI standards? - Schneider Electric Blog [26:03] 
• Frugal AI Challenge | Hugging Face [33:33]
• Greening digital companies: Monitoring emissions and climate commitments 

Resources:

• Why Cloud Zombies Are Destroying the Planet | Holly Cummins [14:47]
• European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) [21:22]
• EcoLogits [21:54]
• Empire of AI - Wikipedia [29:49]
• Hype, Sustainability, and the Price of the Bigger-is-Better Paradigm in AI | Sasha Luccioni et al. [30:38] 
• Sam Altman (@sama) on X [31:58]
• Référentiel général d'écoconception de services numériques (RGESN) - 2024 [37:06] 
• Frugal AI 

If you enjoyed this episode then please either:

• Follow, rate, and review on Apple Podcasts
• Follow and rate on Spotify
• Watch our videos on The Green Software Foundation YouTube Channel!

Connect with us on Twitter, Github and LinkedIn!

TRANSCRIPT BELOW:

James Martin: When I hear the term AI for Good, which we hear a lot of at the moment, I would say that I would challenge that and I would encourage people to challenge that too by saying "are sure this AI is for good? Are you sure this tech is for good? Are you sure that the good that it does, far outweighs the potential harm that it has?"

Because it's not always the case. A lot of the AI for good examples see at the moment are just, they can't be backed with scientific data at all.

And that comes back to another of my points. If you can't prove that it's for good, then it's not, and it's probably greenwashing.

Chris Adams: Hello, and welcome to Environment Variables, brought to you by the Green Software Foundation. In each episode, we discuss the latest news and events surrounding green software. On our show, you can expect candid conversations with top experts in their field who have a passion for how to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of software.

I'm your host, Chris Adams. 

Welcome to Environment Variables, where we bring you the latest news and updates from the Board of Sustainable Software Development. I'm your host, Chris Adams. Our guest today is James Martin, a content and communications expert who has spent years translating complex text strategies into compelling narratives that drive change.

From leading communications with a special focus on sustainability at Scaleway, to founding BetterTech.blog, James has been at the forefront of making green tech more actionable and accessible. He's spoken at major climate and tech events, most recently ChangeNOW. He's written a comprehensive white paper on green IT, and played a key role in Gen AI Impact a French NGO working to measure the impact of AI. And also he's a Green Software Foundation champion.

So, James, thank you so much for joining the podcast. Really lovely to see you again after we last crossed paths in, I guess Paris, I think. Maybe I've tried to introduce you a little bit, but I figure there's maybe some things you might wanna talk about as well. So, can I give you the floor to just like introduce yourself and, talk a little bit about yourself?

James Martin: Yeah, thanks very much, Chris. First and foremost, I just wanted to say I'm really happy to, be on this podcast with you because, this podcast is one of the things that really got me excited, and it started me off on my green IT adventure. So, thanks to you and Anne for putting all, putting out all these amazing episodes.

Basically what I'm speaking today in the name of BetterTech, which is my blog, which I founded 2018. So I've been a, I've been a journalist for most of my career. And, so for about 15 years I was writing for a French cultural magazine. I had a page in that two weeks. And I started off writing out, "here's a new iPhone, here's a new console." And after that I got a bit bored of just saying the same thing every time. So I was drawn towards more responsible topics, like how do you reduce your screen time, how do you protect your data?

And also, of course, what is the impact of technology on the planet? So that started in that, in that magazine, and then I got so into it, i founded my own blog on the topic.

And then that was pretty much when an opportunity came up, in 2020, 2021 to work at Scaleway. I thought that sounds really interesting because, that is a European cloud provider, so not American. And also they were already very, communicating a lot about the sustainable aspect of what they do. So, yeah, I was very happy to join them and lead their communications from 2021 with this huge focus sustainability.

Chris Adams: Ah.

James Martin: Yeah, that's how, that's basically where it started. At that time, Scaleway had its centers and one of them called DC five, which is o...

Learn more about our people:

• Chris Adams: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website
• Zachary Smith: LinkedIn | Website
• My Truong: LinkedIn | Website

Find out more about the GSF:

• The Green Software Foundation Website 
• Sign up to the Green Software Foundation Newsletter

Resources:

• Hardware Standards Working Group | GSF [06:19]
• SSIA / Open19 V2 Specification [12:56]
• Enabling 1 MW IT racks and liquid cooling at OCP EMEA Summit | Google Cloud Blog [19:14] 
• Project Mycelium Wiki | GSF [24:06]
• Green Software Foundation | Mycelium workshop 
• EcoViser | Weatherford International [43:04]
• Cooling Environments » Open Compute Project [43:58]
• Rack & Power » Open Compute Project 
• Sustainability » Open Compute Project 
• 7x24 Exchange [44:58]
• OpenBMC [45:25]

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TRANSCRIPT BELOW:

Zachary Smith: We've successfully made data centers into cloud computing over the past 20 or 25 years, where most people who use and consume data centers never actually see them or touch them. And so it's out of sight, out of mind in terms of the impacts of the latest and greatest hardware or refresh. What happens to a 2-year-old Nvidia server when it goes to die? Does anybody really know Hello, and welcome to Environment Variables,

Chris Adams: brought to you by the Green Software Foundation. In each episode, we discuss the latest news and events surrounding green software. On our show, you can expect candid conversations with top experts in their field who have a passion for how to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of software.

I'm your host, Chris Adams. 

Hello and welcome to Environment Variables, the podcast where we explore the latest in sustainable software development. I'm your host, Chris Adams. Since this podcast started in 2022, we've spoken a lot about green software, how to make code more efficient so it consumes fewer resources or runs on a wider range of hardware to avoid needless hardware upgrades, and so on.

We've also covered how to deploy services into data centers where energy is the cleanest, or even when energy is the cleanest, by timing compute jobs to coincide with an abundance of clean energy on the grid. However, for many of these interventions to work, they rely on the next layer down from software,

the hardware layer, to play along. And for that to work at scale, you really need standards. Earlier this year, the SSIA, the Sustainable and Scalable Infrastructure Alliance, joined the Green Software Foundation. So now there's a hardware standards working group for HSWG within the Green Software Foundation too.

Today we're joined by two leaders in the field who are shaping the future of sustainable software. So, oops, sustainable hardware. We've got Zachary Smith formerly of Packet and Equinix, and My Truong from ZutaCore. We'll be discussing hardware efficiency, how it fits into the bigger sustainability picture, the role of the Open19 standard, and the challenges and opportunities of making data centers greener.

So let's get started. So, Zachary Smith, you are alphabetically ahead of My Truong, Mr. Truong. So can I give you the floor first to introduce yourself and tell a little bit about yourself for the listeners?

Zachary Smith: Sure. Thanks so much, Chris. It's a pleasure being here and getting to work with My on this podcast. As you mentioned, my name's Zachary Smith. I've been an entrepreneur, primarily in cloud computing for, I guess it's about 25 years now. I went to Juilliard. I studied music and ended up figuring that wasn't gonna pay my rent here in New York City and in the early two thousands joined a Linux-based hosting company. That really gave me just this full stack view on having to put together hardware. We had to build our own computers, ran data center space, oftentimes helped build some of the data centers, connect them all with networks, travel all around the world, setting that up for our customers. And so I feel really fortunate because I got to touch kind of all layers of the stack. My career evolved touch further into hardware. It just became a true passion about where we could connect software and hardware together through automation, through accessible interfaces, and other kinds of standardized protocols, and led me to start a company called Packet, where we did that across different architectures, X86 and ARM, which was really coming to the data center in the 2014/15 timeframe. That business Equinix, one of the world's largest data center operators. And at that point we really had a different viewpoint on how we could impact scale, with the sustainability groups within Equinix as one of the largest green power purchasers in the world, and start thinking more fundamentally about how we use hardware within data centers, how data centers could speak more or be accessible to software users which as we'll, unpack in this conversation, are pretty disparate types of users and don't often get to communicate in good ways. So, I've had the pleasure of being at operating com...

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